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Botany > Meiosis and Alternation of Generations > Flashcards

Meiosis and Alternation of Generations Flashcards

1
Q

Production of cells identical in chromosomes with cells from which they arose

A

Asexual reproduction

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2
Q

Production in nearly all plants

A

Sexual reproduction

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3
Q

Number of chromosomes reduced to half

A

Division I (Meiosis I or Reduction Division)

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4
Q

No further reduction in chromosome number

A

Division II (Meiosis II or Equational Division)

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5
Q

Chromosomes coil and condense, and are in homologous pairs. Nuclear envelope and nucleolus
disassociate

A

Prophase I

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6
Q

Each closely associated pair of chromosomes exchange parts

A

crossing-over

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7
Q

Chiasmata form where arms of chromosomes touch. Results in exchange of DNA by two parents

A

Crossing Over in Prophase l

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8
Q

Chromosomes align in pairs at equator. Spindle formation completed.

A

Metaphase l

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9
Q

One whole chromosome from each pair migrates to a pole

A

Anaphase

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10
Q

Original cell becomes two cells or two nuclei

A

Telophase I

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11
Q

Chromosomes become shorter and thicker

A

Prophase II

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12
Q

Centromeres become aligned along equator. New spindles completed.

A

Metaphase II

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13
Q

Centromeres and chromatids of each chromosome separate, and migrate to opposite poles

A

Anaphase II

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14
Q

Coils of chromatids relax and chromosomes become longer and thinner. Nuclear envelope and nucleoli reappear for each group of chromosomes. New cell walls form

A

Telophase II

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15
Q

Cell with one set of chromosomes — gametes

A

Haploid

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16
Q

Cell with two sets of chromosomes — zygote

A

Diploid

17
Q

Cell with more than two sets of chromosomes

A

Polyploid

18
Q

Three sets of chromosomes

A

Triploid

19
Q

Six sets of chromosomes

A

Hexaploid

20
Q

8 sets of chromosomes

A

Octaploid

21
Q

Life cycle involving sexual reproduction that alternates between diploid sporophyte phase and haploid gametophyte phase

A

Alternation of generations

22
Q

develop from zygotes and produce sporocytes

A

Sporophytes

23
Q

undergoes meiosis and produces 4 haploid spores

A

Sporocyte

24
Q

develop from spores. Form cells or sexual structures in which gametes are formed by mitosis

A

Gametophytes

25
Q

Fertilization produces ?

A

zygote

26
Q

Fusion of gametes

A

Fertilization

Botany (11 decks)

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