Meds (Psych) Flashcards
Phenothiazine
(-zine for the zany)
Tranquilizer - 1st gen/typical antipsychotics
Phenothiazine SE
Anticholinergic
Blurred vision
Constipation
Drowsiness
EPS
Photosensitivity
Agranulocytosis
1 nursing dx for tranquilizer
Risk for injury
TCA
Antidepressants
Many SE of psych drugs
Anticholinergic
Blurry vision
Constipation
Drowsiness
Benzodiazepines
Anti-anxiety and many uses
(-zep-) (-pam)
Antidote: flumazenil
MAOIs teaching
Antidepressants
(Marplan, Nardil, Parnate)
Avoid hypertensive crisis by avoiding tyramine foods: aged cheese, caffeine, chocolate, fermented foods, dried fruit, organ meats, alcohol
No OTCs
Lithium
Bipolar disorder mania
SE: peeing, pooping, paresthesia
Interventions of lithium (how to avoid toxicity)
Increase fluids
Watch for toxicity: tremors, metallic taste, severe diarrhea
Watch Na levels - need normal levels
Haldol SE
NMS: life-threatening adverse rxn to antipsychotics
S+S: mental status changes, severe hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, autonomic dysreflexia
Tx of NMS (+ for severe cases)
Supportive care and discontinuation of antipsychotic med
Severe cases: dantrolene, bromocriptine, benzodiazepine
Clozapine
2nd gen/atypical antipsychotics
Severe schizophrenia
No SE of ABCDEF but has agranulocytosis
Monitor WBC counts
(-zapine)
Antisocial personality disorder
Pattern of disregard for and violation of rights of others
Quick to anger, and when they don’t get their way, they become furious, vindictive, and aggressive
Unable to recognize and accept responsibility for their behaviors
Characterized by antagonistic and uninhibited behaviors
Unlawful or inappropriate actions, deceitfulness, impulsivity, lack of empathy, and manipulation of others for personal gain
Manic episode interventions
Maintain low stimulus environment
Promote physical activity
Structured schedule of activities
High protein, high calorie meals and snacks
Set limits on behavior
Schizophrenia S+S
Positive: should not be present
Delusions
Hallucinations
Disorganized speech and behavior
Negative: should be present but are absent or decreased
Affective flattening
Apathy, avolition (decreased motivation and interest in grooming, activities, work)
Asociality
Alogia (poverty of speech)
Anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure)
Sertraline, citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, vilazodone
(-oxetine, -talopram, -zodone)
Examples of SSRIs
SE of SSRIs
No sedation = insomnia
Sexual dysfx
Clozapine (Clozaril), risperidone (Risperdal), Ziprasidone (Geodon)
Antipsychotics
2nd gen - atypical
Most common ones
SE of 2nd gen (atypical) antipsychotics and effect on labs
Clozapine (Clozaril), risperidone (Risperdal)
Anticholinergic
Photosensitive
Sedation
Check labs (increases BG, trigly, cholesterol)
Ziprasidone (class, SE)
Geodon
2nd gen (atypical) antipsychotics
Can cause QT prolongation (Torsades de Pointes
Methylphenidate (tx, SE, monitor)
ADHD
SE: decreases appetite, delayed growth and development, dry mouth
Monitor weight, BG, BP
Haloperidol
(-zine)
Examples of 1st gen antipsychotics (typical)
SE of haloperidol
EPS (spasms of neck, face, tongue)
Anticholinergic
ALL antipsychotics can cause what condition?
NMS (report fever, diaphoresis, changes in mental status, muscle rigidity)
Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
Phenelzine (Nardil)
MAOIs examples
MAOIs interventions
Don’t take w/ TCAs or SSRIs
Avoid tyramine
Take in morning
(-pams and -lams)
Benzodiazepines examples
Lorazapam can be used for alcohol withdrawal and dependence
Benzodiazepines SE
Respiratory arrest
Hypotension
Apnea
Airway occlusion
Causes of lithium toxicity
Decreased/increased Na
Dehydration
Decreased renal fx
Drug interaction w/ NSAIDs and thiazides
-triptyline, -pramine
TCA examples
Mental status changes (clonus, hyperreflexia, tremor)
Autonomic dysregulation (increased temp/HR, decreased BP)
Mydriasis
SE indicate what condition?
Serotonin syndrome SE
Valproic acid is risk for what 2 effects?
Hepatotoxicity
Prolonged bleeding time
Mannitol indications
Reduces intraocular pressure, ICP
Treats cerebral edema
Irrigation in prostate surgical procedures
Promotes diuresis in acute renal failure
-triptan
Serotonin 5-Ht receptor agonists examples
Serotonin 5-Ht receptor agonists indications and CI
Treats acute migraine pain
Treats cluster headaches
CI: CAD and uncontrolled BP
