Acid Bases

Question 1

Principle of S+S acid bases

Answer 1

As the pH goes, so does my patient (except K+)

Question 2

pH up = Pt up ->

Answer 2

Body system gets more irritable, hyper-excitable (EXCEPT K+)

Alkalosis: hyper-reflexive, tachypnea, tachycardia, borborygmi, seizure

Question 3

pH down = pt down ->

Answer 3

Body systems shut down (EXCEPT K+)

Acidosis: hypo-reflexive, bradycardia, lethargy, obtunded, paralytic ileus, respiratory arrest

Question 4

Which acid-base disorders need an ambu bag at bedside?

Answer 4

Acidosis (respiratory arrest)

Question 5

Which acid-base disorder need suction at bedside?

Answer 5

Alkalosis (seizure and aspirate)

Question 6

Kussmaul’s is present in what acid-base disorder?

Answer 6

Metabolic acidosis

Question 7

Lung scenario: check if the pt is …

Answer 7

Over-ventilating (alkalosis) or under-ventilating (acidosis)

Refers to SaO2

Question 8

Metabolic alkalosis: occurs when pt has … (cause)

Answer 8

Prolonged gastric vomiting/suctioning

You’re losing acid -> CO2/H+

Question 9

S+S of metabolic acidosis

Answer 9

Signs of hyperkalemia, Kussmaul’s respiration, diarrhea

Question 10

Medications for Metabolic Acidosis

Answer 10

Antidiarrheals, Sodium bicarbonate IV

Question 11

Medications of Metabolic Alkalosis

Answer 11

Avoid diuretics
Give antiemetics