Blood Transfusion Reactions Flashcards
Acute hemolytic rxn: what is it?
Incompatibility b/w donor blood and recipient blood
Acute hemolytic rxn: S+S
Fever, chills
Red/brown urine
Back/flank pain
DIC (oozing from IV)
Hypotension
Acute hemolytic rxn: nursing management
Stop transfusion and assess pt
Hang NS
Notify HCP
Recheck blood labels
Anticipate NS bolus, IV diuretics, additional testing for DIC
Anaphylactic transfusion rxn: what is it?
Recipient is severely allergic to something w/in donor’s blood
Anaphylactic transfusion rxn: S+S
Urticaria
Wheezing, respiratory distress
Angioedema
Hypotension
Anaphylactic transfusion rxn: nursing management
Stop transfusion and assess pt
Hang NS
Notify HCP
Recheck blood labels
Anticipate: IV meds (epi), IV fluids, oxygen, vasopressors
Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion rxn: what is it?
Pt develops a fever from cytokines developed during storage of RBCs
Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion rxn: S+S
Fever, chills
Severe rigors
Mild dyspnea
Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion rxn: nursing management
Stop transfusion and assess pt
Hang NS
Notify HCP
Administer Tylenol
Restart blood
Monitor pt
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload: what is it?
Pt develops acute volume overload after administration of blood products
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload: S+S
Dyspnea
Hypoxia
Tachypnea
Lung crackles
HTN
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload: nursing management
Stop transfusion and assess pt
Titrate O2
Notify HCP
Administer diuretics
Anticipate: O2 support, STAT CXR, Strict I+O
Transfusion-related acute lung injury: what is it?
Acute lung damage is caused by recipient’s neutrophils as a reaction to donor’s blood
Transfusion-related acute lung injury: S+S
Severe dyspnea
Hypoxia
Fever
Hypotension
Transfusion-related acute lung injury: nursing management
Stop transfusion and assess pt
Hang NS
Notify HCP
Obtain CXR
Anticipate O2 support, IV fluids, vasopressors
