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history - mr kingswood > medicine booklet 1/4 > Flashcards

medicine booklet 1/4 Flashcards

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1
Q

what was saint Anthony’s disease

A

caused by fungus growing on rye in damp conditions- made into bread and caused rashes or even death

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2
Q

what percentage of England died from diseases such as Dysentery, typhoid, smallpox and measles

A

10%

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3
Q

what percent of kids died before age 7

A

30%

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4
Q

what was a common cure for rheumatism (aching and swelling joints)

A

wearing a donkey skin

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5
Q

what was a cure for asthma

A

swallow young frogs

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6
Q

what was a cure for ringworm

A

wash hair in male urine

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7
Q

what is Bald’s Leechbook

A

10th century medical text

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8
Q

what did Hippocrates encourage doctors did with their patients symptoms

A

recommend to record them

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9
Q

what natural substances did the Greeks use in 400BC

A

garlic, vinegar and honey

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10
Q

who in 400BC realised that diet, exercise and fresh water was important to good health

A

Hippocrates

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11
Q

what is the Hippocratic corpus

A

a collection of over 60 books written by Hippocrates and other greek doctors, noting symptoms, treatments and their effectiveness

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12
Q

what idea did Galen have in 150AB

A

using opposites to treat illness e.g. fever- too much yellow bile, patient suggested to drink cool liquid and eat cold foods

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13
Q

was Galen greek or romam

A

roman

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14
Q

was hippocrates greek or roman

A

greek

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15
Q

Galen was chief physician at which gladiator school

A

Pergamum

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16
Q

when (roughly) did Galen discover that if the spinal cord was cut, there would be no movement below the cut

A

150AD

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17
Q

what was one of Galens major discoveries which disproved the common belief that urine was formed in the bladder

A

that urine was produced in the kidneys

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18
Q

who discovered that arteries carry blood in 150AD

A

Galen

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19
Q

what did Galens books teach

A

dissection to better understand the body

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20
Q

how many centuries did Galens theories remain after his death

A

15 centuries

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21
Q

when was Galens drawing of the heart studied until

A

the 16th century

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22
Q

what were the 4 humours

A

blood, phlegm, black bile, yellow bile

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23
Q

what 4 people would treat the sick in medieval times

A

barber surgeon, apothecary, wise woman, lady of the house

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24
Q

how did a barbers surgeon have to be trained

A

as an apprentice

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25
Q

what kind of operations did barbers surgeons perform

A

minor ones, set broken bones and pulled teeth

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26
Q

how many years was the apprenticeship to be an apothecary

A

7 years

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27
Q

an apothecary would sell simples, what are they

A

a medicine made of one herb or compounds which were a combo of ingredients

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28
Q

what simple was used to treat smallpox

A

red rose and bamboo juice

29
Q

who did wise woman get their skills from

A

wisdom and skills handed down by family

30
Q

what were wise woman

A

were reasonably priced, and usually knew patient, acted as midwives

31
Q

what was the lady of the house expected to do

A

provide medical care for her family and workers

32
Q

what herbal remedy was recommend for headaches

A

camomile tea and rest on lavender scented pillows

33
Q

what herbal remedy was recommended for aching joints

A

ointments made of herbs

34
Q

why was toothache treated by hot rods in the cavities

A

because people thought tooth ache was caused by a tooth worm

35
Q

what were two methods for bleeding people

A

cupping (slicing a vein), or leeches

36
Q

up to how many times were some monks bled each day

A

up to 8 times

37
Q

what did medieval people think made them ill

A

god, bad smells(miasma), everyday life, the supernatural, the 4 humours

38
Q

what two tools were mainly used for diagnosing illnesses

A

urine charts- doctor would compare and smell or taste it

zodiac charts- showed which body parts linked to astrological sign-would say how to treat

39
Q

what was John Ardernes success rate in the 14th century

A

50%

40
Q

where did John Arderne train as a surgeon

A

london

41
Q

when was john arderne born

A

1307

42
Q

in which war and for whom did john arderne work

A

Duke of Gaunt in the 100 years war

43
Q

what were some of John ardernes painkilling oitments

A

hemlock, opium and henbane- helped stop need for cauterising

44
Q

when did Johnarderne write The Practice of Surgery

A

1350

45
Q

what did John arderne say in the practice of surgery

A

have a good bedside manner
talk calmly to patient
trust own judgement, not rely on old hippocrates and galen texts

46
Q

what religous thing did people do when they were ill

A

buy indulgences (special prayer) and go on a pilgrimage to special shrines for a cure

47
Q

what were some pilgramages in engalnd

A

canterbuty walssingham glastonbury priory at bridlington

48
Q

how many hospitals were set up by the church in the 12th and 13th centuriees

A

over 160

49
Q

what did the church set up in europe where physicians trained using galen and hippocrates texts

A

university schools of medicine

50
Q

why did the church limit progress in understanding the human body

A

church insisted galens work (on disection and involving animals) should be used,

51
Q

give an example of someone who was arrested for challenging the work of galen

A

roger bacon, an oxford lecturer who questioned churhcs stance on galen

52
Q

what was cauterisation replaced by

A

wine as an antiseptic to clean wounds, and john ardernes pain relieving ointment

53
Q

what was used as a painkiller

A

opium

54
Q

what was the arrow cup

A

a tool used for removing arrows with less damage

55
Q

what was the wound man

A

a diagram produced to help surgeons

56
Q

who, along with oxford university encouraged scientific enquiry and experiment

A

Robert Grosseteste and later Bishop of Lincoln

57
Q

what did Bishop Lanfranc do

A

constructed a whose and split into 2
one half for ill men
one half for ill women
had clothing and daily food

58
Q

what were some rules of a hospital in bridgewater in 1215

A

no lepers, lunatics, contagious diseases, no pregnant women, no sucking infants

59
Q

when was st bartholomews hospital, London

A

1123

60
Q

what did st bartholomews hospital specialise in

A

treatment of poor, pregnant women

61
Q

when was st mary of bethlehem hospital

A

1247

62
Q

what were churches like

A

basically care homes to provide warmth, food and rest until you felt better

63
Q

who were most churches funded by

A

the church or rich people

64
Q

who, where and when was St giles hospital set up

A

in Norwhich by Bishop walter de suffield in 1249

65
Q

were women allowed in saint giles hospital

A

nooooooooo

66
Q

who did the St mary of bethlehem hospital specialise in

A

'’poor and silly people’’

67
Q

who was the care in medieval hospitals carried out by

A

nuns or elderly women

68
Q

what was the main treatment in the medieval hospitals

A

main treatment was prayer

69
Q

how many times did coventries council ban waste disposal in the river sherbourne between 1421 and 1475

A

9 times

history - mr kingswood (20 decks)

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