GERM THEORY (BOOKLET 3) - 19th century

Question 1

who found the cause of disease

Answer 1

Louis Pasteur

Question 2

whos research discovered that there were germs in the air that could cause liquids to go off

Answer 2

Louis Pasteur

Question 3

what process did Louis Pasteur create

Answer 3

pasteurisation

Question 4

what is pasteurisation

Answer 4

heating a liquid and then cooling it down, this kills the germs

Question 5

who discredited the theory of spontaneous generation

Answer 5

Louis Pasteur

Question 6

what advice by Louis Pasteur, did most surgeons ignore

Answer 6

surgical instruments to be boiled before an operation to kill germs

Question 7

what procedure did Robert Koch devise in 1876

Answer 7

one to demonstrate that the bacterium Bacillus anthracis caused anthrax

Question 8

what is anthrax

Answer 8

a disease of animals that can be passed on to humans

Question 9

who was the first person to show that a particular bacteria caused a particular disease

Answer 9

Robert Koch

Question 10

what bacteria did Robert Koch discover in 1882 and 1883

Answer 10

1882- tuberculosis

1883- cholera

Question 11

who developed improved methods for staining bacteria and how

Answer 11

Robert Koch

- introduced use of gelatine and agar as growing media for bacterial colonies

Question 12

what did Robert Koch help reformers of public health prove

Answer 12

that pollution spread disease

Question 13

who researched into chemotherapy

Answer 13

Paul Erlich

Question 14

who experimented with synthetically created antibiotics

Answer 14

Paul Erlich

Question 15

what microbe did Paul Erlich identify in 1906

Answer 15

microbe that caused syphalis

Question 16

what did Paul Erlich do in 1907

Answer 16

worked with over 600 chemical compounds that might kill the syphalis germ

Question 17

when and by who was the compound that killed syphalis discovered, and what was it called

Answer 17

1909
by Paul Erlich and team
Salvarson 606

Question 18

how did Paul Erlich discover the presence of antibodies in the blood

Answer 18

by using synthetic dyes for studying microbes

Question 19

what were magic bullets

Answer 19

antibodies in the blood called ‘‘magic bullets’’ because they could kill off specific bacteria

Question 20

who discovered magic bullets

Answer 20

Paul Erlich

Question 21

when did aspirin go on sale in britian as an everyday painkiller

Answer 21

1899

Question 22

when did boots the chemist begin, making medicines

Answer 22

19th century

Question 23

how did technology improve medicine in 19th century

Answer 23

machines to make tablets, sugar coated pills and gelatine capsules were invented
-allowed accurate dosage and mass production of drugs

Question 24

when did Thomas Beecham open his first factory making cold powders

Answer 24

1859

Question 25

who was the first to use staining of bacteria

Answer 25

Robert Koch

Question 26

when was mrs beetons book published

Answer 26

1861

Question 27

what did mrs beetons book say

Answer 27

every household should have opium powders and laudanum (90% alcohol, 10% opium) in cupboards

Question 28

why was laudanum given to children

Answer 28

make them sleep or be quiet

Question 29

what were ingredients in 19th century medicines

Answer 29

alcohol- very common
arsenic and mercury- both poisonous
cocaine and opium- very addictive