Medical Terminology Flashcards
Dys -
bad
Hyper -
above, excessive
Hypo -
below, under
Neo -
new
- a/an
not, no
- plasia
development
Aplasia
no development
Dysplasia
bad development
Hypoplasia
low development
Hyperplasia
high development
- caudal
tail
Supine
laying on back
Prone
laying on belly
Capatis
scalp
Corporis
body
Cruris
groin
Pedis
foot
Cryo
to freeze
Lipo
fat
Malacia
softening
Myelo
marrow
Oma
tumor
Chondro
cartilage
Kyphosis
outward curviture
Lordosis
inward curviture
Scoliosis
lateral curvature
- pexy
suspend
- cele
hernia
- astenia
weak
- tope
place
- crine
secrete
- plegia
paralysis
- rrhage
blood flow
- stasis
to control
- rrhea
flow
- acusis
hearing
- phil
attraction to
- ptysis
spitting
- itis
inflammation
- osis
any condition
- malacia
soft
- megal
enlarged
- algia
pain
- plasty
surgical repair
- path
disease
- logist
specialist
- logy
the study of
- penia
deficiency
- spasm
involuntary contraction
- oid
resemble
- scop
observe
- gram
record
- tomy
incision into
- ostomy
create an opening
- ectomy
surgical removal
- lysis
loosened/destruction
- rrhexis
rupture
- ory
pertaining to
- iatrics
relating to medicine or treatment
- iatry
treatment, profession
- iatrist
who treats
- centesis
surgical puncture
- clasis
crushing or breaking up
- desis
binding or surgical fusion
- graph
instrument used to record
- graphy
process of recording
- ize
to make; treat or combine with
- meter
instrument used to measure
- metry
process of measuring
- opsy
process of viewing
- scope
instrument used to view
- scopy
viewing with a scope
- tripsy
intentional crushing
- algesia
sensitivity to pain
- blast
embryonic stage
- cide
to kill; destroy
- cyte
cell
- dynia
pain
- trophy
development
- ptosis
drooping, failing
- dyn
pain
- rraphy
suture, stitches
- emesis
vomit
- ectasis
expansion
- esthesia
feeling
- esthesia
feeling
bi -
two, double
uni -
one
ambi -
both
hemi -
half
milli -
one thousandth
mono -
one single
nulli -
none
primi -
first
quadri -
four
semi -
half
tetra -
four
tri -
three
multi -
many
poly -
many
ab -
away
ad -
toward
ante -
before, infront
circum -
around
de -
down, from
dia -
through
ecto -
outside
endo -
within
epi -
upon, over
ex -
out, away from
exo -
outside, outward
extra -
outside, beyond
in -
within, not
infra -
beneath, below
inter -
between
juxta -
near, beside
meso -
middle
para -
near, beside
peri -
around
pre/pro -
before, infront
re -
back, again
retro -
backward, behind
sub -
under, below
supra -
above, over
trans -
across, through
melan -
black
cyan -
blue
glauc -
gray
poli -
silver
chlor -
green
purpur -
purple
erythro/eosin/rube -
red
alb/albin/leuk -
white
cirrhosis/jaund/xanth/lute -
yellow
hetero -
different
homeo -
likeness
homo -
same
eu -
easily, good, normal
hydro -
water
idio -
individual
intra -
within
meta -
beyond, after
pan -
all
per -
through
sym/syn -
joined, together
tachy -
rapid
brady -
slow
auto -
self
post -
after
pre -
before
Generic term for joint pain
Arthalgia
Paralysis that results in partial or total loss of all movement in limbs or torso
Quadriplegia
Paralysis in the lower part of the body
Paraplegia
Abnormal sensation of numbness or tingling
Parasthesia
Dyskinesia
Distortion or impairment if voluntary movement
Bradykinesia
Movement in the body reduced to extreme slowness
Stroke victims that experience paralysis on only the left side of their body
Hemiplegia
Inflammation on the plantar fascia
Plantar fasciitis
Inflammation of several or many muscles
Polyomyositis
The protrusion of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it
Myocele
The study of muscle movement
Kinesiology
Gait
A person’s style of walking
Cephalagia
Another term for a headache
Bruise of brain tissue that describes what cerebral condition?
Contusion
Any seizure disorder
Epilepsy
Syncope
Refers to fainting
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells (RBC)
Leukocytes
White blood cells (WBC)
Thrombocytes
Platelets, contains no hemoglobin, essential for coagulation
Clotting of blood
Coagulation
Autologous
Comes from the patient
Steno
Narrow, contracted
Cheil
Lip
Benign
Not cancerous
Melan
Black
Onco -
Tumor
Viscero
Organ
Sphenic
Wedge
Anti
Against
Myco
Fungus
Plasia
Developement
Rug
Wrinkle, crease, fold
Iso
Equal
Malign
Bad, cancerous
Adnexa
Ties or connection
Lapar
Abdominal wall
Ment
Mind
Somato
Body
Trachel
Neck
Hypno
Sleep
Scler/Scirr
Hard
Sept
Wall or fence
Antr
Cavity
Plak
Plate
Aveol
Cavity or sac
Sedat
Quiet or calm
Furca
Fork shaped
Radic
Root
Radi
Ray
Metabol
Change
Pariet
Wall
Gemin
Twin
Grand
Taking steps
Calc
Calcium
Labi
Lip
Micr
Small
Phob
Fear
En
In
Pro
Before or in front of
Mechano
Machine
Burso
Sac
Facia
Sheet of tissue
Cine
Move
Vuls
Twitch or pull
Tens/ton
Stretch
Spas
Pull or drawing
Lig
Ligament
Rhin
Nose
Pheum
Lung
Thorac
Chest
Spir
Breath
Pect
Chest
Sinus
Hollow space
Phonia
Voice
Pyle
Gate
Phleb
Veins
Thromb
Clot
Lien
Spleen
Stoma
Mouth
Bucco
Cheek
Ptyal
Saliva
Glycol
Sugar
Or
Mouth
Bili
Bile
Oment
Covering
Peps
Digest
Cardiomyopathy
A disease of the muscles of the heart
Nocturia
Urination at night
Myocarditis
Inflammation of the heart muscle
Tachycardia
Abnormally rapid heart rate
Hyperlipidemia
Excessive level of fats in the blood
Pericarditis
Inflammation around the heart
When myocardial tissue is destroyed in areas of the heart that are deprived of an adequate blood supply
Myocardial infarction
Hardening of the arteries
Arteriosclerosis
Ventricles of the heart beat at a rate greater than 100bpm, characterized by three or more consecutive premature ventricular contractions
Ventricular tachycardia
Absence of contractions of the heart
Dysrhythmia
CCU
Critical Care Unit
DOE
Dyspnea on Exertion
PVC
Premature Ventricular Contractions
BP
Blood Pressure
MVP
Mitral Valve Prolapse
CPR
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
DVT
Deep Vein Thrombosis
MI
Myocardial Infarction
Larynx
Voice box
Pharyngitis
Sore throat
Sinusitis
Common cold
Epistaxis
Nose bleed
Empyema
Accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity
Hemoptysis
Coughing or spitting up blood
ABG
Arterial Blood Gases
URI
Upper Respiratory Infection
COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
SOB
Shortness of Breath
ARD
Acute Respiratory Distress
Gingivitis
Inflammation of the gums
Pyorrhea
Discharge or flow of pus
Diverticulitis
Inflamed diverticula
Cholelithiases
Gallstones
IBS
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
GI
Gastrointestinal
GERD
Gastroesophageal Reflex Disease
Chronic metabolic condition characterized by gradual, noticeable enlargement & elongation of the bones of the face, jaw, & extremities due to oversecretion of the pituitary gland after puberty
Acromegaly
Adenohypophysis
Anterior pituitary gland
Adenoma
Glandular tumor
Adenopathy
Any disease of a gland, characterized by enlargement
Adrenalectomy
Surgical removal of one or both of the adrenal glands
Adrenalitis
Inflammation of the adrenal glands
Atherosclerosis
Fatty deposits building up within aterial walls
Dynam
Power
Glom
Ball
Eu
Good, normal, well
Phren
Mind
Colla
Glue
Osmo
Odor
Lumbo
Loin
Amphi
Both sides
Blast
Bud
Duct
Lead
Tarso
Frame of the upper eyelid
Splachin
Internal organs
Macro
Large
Traumat
Wound
Therm
Heat
Somni
Sleep
Antidiuretic
An agent given to suppress the production of urine
Endocrine gland
A ductless gland that produces a chemical substance called a hormone, which is secreted directly into the blood stream instead of exiting the body through the ducts
Euthyroid
A normally functioning thyroid gland
Exocrine gland
A gland that opens onto the surface of the skin through ducts in the epithelium, such as an oil gland or a sweat gland
Exopthalmia
An abnormal condition characterized by marked outward protrusion of the eyeballs
glucogenesis
the formation of glycogen from fatty acids & proteins instead of from carbohydrates
glucose
simplest form of sugar in the body; found in fruits major source of energy for the human body
glycogenesis
conversion of excess glucose into glycogen for storage in the liver for later use as needed
- genesis
production of; formation
glycosuria
the presence of sugar in the urine
gonads
term used to refer to the female sex glands, & the male sex glands
gynecomastia
an abnormal enlargement of the breasts in men; may involve one or both
gynec
woman
mast
breast
hirsutism
condition in which there is excessive body hair in a male distribution pattern
hypercalcemia
elevated blood calcium level
hyperglycemia
elevated blood sugar level
hyperkalemia
an elevated blood potassium level
hypernatremia
an elevated blood sodium level
hyperparathyroidism
hyperactivity of any of the four parathyroid glands, resulting in an over secretion of parathyroid hormone
kal/i
potassium
natri/i
sodium
emia
blood condition
hyperthyroidism
overactivity of the thyroid gland; also called Graves’ disease
hypocalcemia
less than normal blood calcium level
hypoglycemia
less than normal blood sugar level
hypokalemia
less than normal potassium level
hyponatremia
less than normal blood sodium level
hypothyroidism
less than normal activity of the thyroid gland
metabolism
the sum of all physical & chemical processes that take place within the body
myxedema
most severe form of hypothyroidism in the adult; the condition is characterized by puffiness of the hands & face; coarse, thickened edematous skin; an enlarge tongue; slow speech; loss of & dryness of hair; sensitivity to cold; drowsiness; & mental apathy
polydipsia
excessive thirst
polyphagia
excessive eating
polyuria
excretion of excessively large amounts of urine
progesterone
a female hormone secreted by the ovaries. this hormone is primarily responsible for the changes that occur in the endometrium in anticipation of a fertilized ovum & for development of the maternal placenta after implantation of a fertilized ovum
syndrome
a group of symptoms occurring together, indicative of a particular disease or abnormality
- opia
visual condition
ambi -
both sides
- ia
condition
diplopia
double vison
blephar/o
eyelid
blepharoptosis
drooping of the upper eyelid
ptosis -
drooping or prolapse
blepharospasm
twitching of the eyelid muscles; may be due to eyestrain or nervous irritability
conjunctivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye; may be caused by a bacterial infection, a viral infection, allergy, or a response to the environment
corneal
pertaining to the cornea
dacryoadenitis
inflammation of the lacrimal (tear) gland
dacry/o
tears
dacryorrhea
excessive flow of tears
esotropia
an obvious inward turning of one eye in relation to the other eye
eso
within
tropia
to turn
exotropia
an obvious outward turning of one eye in relation to the other eye
lacrimal
pertaining to tears
lacrimation
the secretion of tears from the lacrimal glands
nystagmus
involuntary, rhythm jerking movements of the eye; may be from side to side
optic
pertaining to they eyes or to sight
palpebral
pertaining to the eyelid
presbyopia
loss of accommodation for near vision; poor near-vision due to the natural aging process
presby/o
old age
retinopathy
any disease of the retina
acous/o
hearing
audi/o
hearing
audiometry
test hearing
myringo
ear drum
ot/o
ear
otitis
inflammation of the ear
tympan/o
ear drum
meat/o
meatus
nephr/o
kidney
neur/o
nerve
nocti/o
night
olig/o
few, little, scanty
pexy
surgical fixation
py/o
pus
ren/o
kidney
ureter/o
ureter
urethr/o
urethra
ur/o
urine
uria
urine condition
andr/o
man, male
balan/o
glans penis
glans
head of
balanitis
inflammation of the head of the penis
cry/o
cold
crypto/o
hidden
cryptorchidism
hidden testicles
epididym/o
epididymis; tube leads from the testicles
hemat/o
blood
hydro
water
orch/o
testicle
orchi/o
testicle
orchid/o
testicle
prostat/o
prostate gland
semin/i
semen
sperm/o
sperm
spermat/o
sperm
test/o
testis, testes
vas/o
vessel; or vas deferens
zo/o
animal
ante
before; in front
arche
beginning
Menarche
beginning of the period
cervic/o
neck, cervix
colp/o
vagina
dysmenorrhea
bad menstrual flow
ecto
outside
endo
within
episi/o
vulva
episiotomy
cutting into the vulva
galact/o
milk
galactorrhea
flow of milk
mammography
recording of breasts
gynec/o
woman
hyster/o
uterus
hysterectomy
removal of uterus
in
in, inside, within, not
intra
within
mamm/o
breast
mast/o
breast
men/o
menstruation
metri/o
uterus
my/o
muscle
myometrium
uterine muscle
o/o
egg, ovum
oogenesis
egg production
oophor/o
ovary
ov/o
ovum, egg
ovari/o
ovary
salping/o
Eustachian tubes; also refers to Fallopian tubes
Vagin/o
vagina
vulv/o
vulva
cephalo
head
epi
upon, over
nat/o
birth
pedi/o
child
pyr/o
fire, heat
pyrexic
fever
febrile
fever
apical pulse
listening to the apex of the heart to find a pulse
apnea
without breathing
auxiliary temperatrue
taking the temperature under the arm
congenital
born with
cyanosis
condition of being blue from not breathing
infant
birth - 12m
microcephalous
small head/brain
recumbent
to lie down
stature
height of a person
stridor
abnormal sound by obstruction in trachea/larynx
well-child visit
regular check ups
abduction
movement of a limb away from the body
adduction
movement of a limb toward the body
axial
pertaining to or situated on the axis of a structure or part of the body
computed tomography
CT - an x-ray technique that produces a film representing a detailed cross section of tissue structure
magnetic resonance imaging
MRI - medical imaging that uses radio frequency signals as its source of energy
nuclear medicine
medical discipline that uses radioactive isotopes int the diagnoses & treatment of diease
palliative
to sooth or relieve; treat symptoms, not cure
positron emission tomography
PET - a computerized radiographic technique that employs radioactive substances to examine the metabolic activity of various body structures
posteroanterior
the direction from back to front
anteroposterior
the direction from front to back
radiolucent
pertaining to materials that allow x-rays to penetrate with a minimum of absorption
radiopaque
not permitting the passage of x-rays or other radiant energy
transducer
a handheld device that sends & receives a sound-wave signal
uptake
the drawing up or absorption of a substance
angi
vessel
anter
front
aort
aorta
arthr
joint
arteri
artery
bronch
bronchus
chol
bile
cyst
bladder
echo
sound
cholecystogram
recording of the gallbladder
echocardiography
recording of the heart using sound-waves
pyel
renal pelvis
IVP
intravenous pyelogram
ven
vein
3 types of blood vessels
arteries, veins, & capillaries
blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
arteries
blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood to the heart
veins
blood vessels that connect the smallest arteries to the smallest veins
capillaries
both arteries & veins consist of 3 layers called __
tunics
tunca intima
the innermost layer, exposed to the blood; produces chemicals that cause blood vessels to dilate or constrict
tunica media
the middle layer, the thickest layer; allows the blood vessel to change diameter
tunica externa
outer layer, made of strong, flexible, fibrous connective tissue; support & protects the blood vessel
conducting arteries
the largest arteries; AKA elastic arteries
distributing arteries
AKA muscular arteries; smaller in diameter than elastic arteries
arterioles
AKA resistance vessels; arterioles are connected to capillaries by metarterioles
