Chapter 8-9 Review

Question 1

the central, shaft like portion of a long bone is called the

Answer 1

diaphysis

Question 2

the medullary cavity in most adults is filled with __

Answer 2

yellow bone marrow

Question 3

which substance covers the surface of the epiphysis of a long bone?

Answer 3

articular cartilage

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE: the epiphyseal plate consists of a layer of hyaline cartilage & is the site of bone lengthening

Answer 4

true

Question 5

which type of fracture is most likely to occur in a car accident?

Answer 5

comminuted

Question 6

which type of fracture is mostly likely to occur in young children?

Answer 6

greenstick

Question 7

which bone is found in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 7

phalanges

Question 8

which classification of bone protects the organs or provides a large surface area for the attachment of muscles?

Answer 8

flat bones

Question 9

the condition in which bones lose so much mass they become extremely brittle is called __

Answer 9

osteoporosis

Question 10

a fracture in a disease or weakened bone, usually the result of a force that would not fracture a healthy bone, is called a __

Answer 10

pathologic fracture

Question 11

area between the unfused bones of an infant’s skull

Answer 11

fontanel

Question 12

immovable joints of the skull

Answer 12

sutures

Question 13

the first cervical vertebra

Answer 13

atlas

Question 14

second cervical vertebra

Answer 14

axis

Question 15

A child is skateboarding without a helmet and falls backward, striking the lower portion of the back of his head on the curb. Which bone is most likely to have been injured?

Answer 15

occipital

Question 16

the upper jaw is the __

Answer 16

maxillae

Question 17

a fracture in which the bone has pierced the skin is called a __

Answer 17

compound fracture

Question 18

TRUE OR FALSE: the epiphysis of a long bone is made of spongy bone

Answer 18

true

Question 19

the vertebral column consists of five main section, beginning in the neck:

Answer 19

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx

Question 20

the “hunchback of Notre dame” most likely suffered from __

Answer 20

kyphosis

Question 21

another name for the humeroscapular joint is the __

Answer 21

shoulder

Question 22

another name for the tibiofemoral joint is the __

Answer 22

knee

Question 23

which type of synovial joint offers the widest range of movement?

Answer 23

ball & socket

Question 24

the most numerous & versatile of all the body’s joints are __

Answer 24

synovial

Question 25

movement that turns the palm upward

Answer 25

supination

Question 26

movement that turns the palms downward

Answer 26

pronation

Question 27

foot movement that turns the sole laterally, away from the other foot

Answer 27

eversion

Question 28

involves moving the toes or foot downward

Answer 28

plantar flexion

Question 29

involves bending a joint so as to decrease the angle of the joint

Answer 29

flexion

Question 30

involves moving the toes or foot upward

Answer 30

dorsiflexion

Question 31

the movement of a body part toward the midline of the body

Answer 31

adduction

Question 32

the movement of a body art away from the midline of the body

Answer 32

abduction

Question 33

foot movement that turns the sole medially, toward the other foot

Answer 33

inversion

Question 34

the extreme extension of a joint beyond its normally straight position

Answer 34

hyperextension

Question 35

occurs when a bone spins toward the body’s midline

Answer 35

internal rotation

Question 36

straightening a joint so as to increase the angle between the bones

Answer 36

extension

Question 37

moving the distal end of an appendage in a circle

Answer 37

cicumduction

Question 38

moves a part forward

Answer 38

protraction

Question 39

which type of joints are the suture joints in the skull?

Answer 39

fibrous joints

Question 40

in which type of joint are two bones joined by cartilage?

Answer 40

cartilaginous joints

Question 41

example of a hinge joint

Answer 41

elbow

Question 42

example of a thumb joint

Answer 42

saddle joint

Question 43

example of the joints in the distal end of the radius with the carpal bones of the wrist

Answer 43

condyloid joint

Question 44

example of the joints in the tarsal bones of the ankle

Answer 44

gliding joint