Chapter 12-13 Review

Question 1

a ring of colored muscle that works to adjust the diameter of the pupil

Answer 1

iris

Question 2

changes shape for near & far vision

Answer 2

lens

Question 3

large eye cavity filled with vitreous humor

Answer 3

posterior cavity

Question 4

outermost layer of the eye

Answer 4

sclera

Question 5

the curvature of the lens of the eye changes shape to allow the eye to focus on a near object called __

Answer 5

accommodation

Question 6

where are the structures for hearing found?

Answer 6

cochlea

Question 7

which of the following is a structure of the middle ear?

Answer 7

malleus

Question 8

which eye structure(s) secretes thin mucous film to help keep the eyeball moist?

Answer 8

conjunctiva

Question 9

what is the center point of the retina as seen through an ophthalmoscope?

Answer 9

macula lutea

Question 10

which part of the retina produces the sharpest vision & why?

Answer 10

the fovea centralists produces the sharpest vision because most of the cons are concentrated here

Question 11

the process of bending light rays so they can focus on the retina is called __

Answer 11

refraction

Question 12

clouding of the lens, making vision blurry

Answer 12

cataracts

Question 13

myopia

Answer 13

nearsightedness

Question 14

hyperopia

Answer 14

farsightedness

Question 15

normal vision

Answer 15

emmetropia

Question 16

age related loss of flexibility of the lens to change shape causing trouble focusing

Answer 16

presbyopia

Question 17

increased intraoccular pressure

Answer 17

glaucoma

Question 18

which glands sit on top of each kidney?

Answer 18

adrenals

Question 19

this gland lies just behind the stomach & is a endocrine & exocrine gland; also contains the islets of langerhans, some of which secrete insulin

Answer 19

pancreas

Question 20

low levels of calcium in the blood

Answer 20

hypocalcemia

Question 21

hypersecretion of growth hormone during childhood

Answer 21

gigantism

Question 22

hypersecretion of cortisol from the adrenal glands causing moon face

Answer 22

Cushing syndrome

Question 23

low levels of melatonin resulting from lack of sunlight

Answer 23

SAD

Question 24

inadequate amount of insulin or diminished amount of insulin receptors

Answer 24

diabetes

Question 25

too much secretion of insulin can cause blood sugar levels to drop

Answer 25

hypoglycemia

Question 26

hypersecretion of growth hormone during adulthood

Answer 26

acromegaly

Question 27

elevated amount of sugar in the blood

Answer 27

hyperglycemia

Question 28

disorder resulting from hypersecretion of thyroid hormone

Answer 28

graves disease

Question 29

a protrusion of the eyeballs seen in graves disease

Answer 29

exophthalmos