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Anatomy & Physiology > Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Gluconeogenesis

A

Production of new glucose

gluco - glucose
neo - new
genesis - production of

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2
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of gall bladder

chole - gall bladder
it is - inflammation of

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3
Q

Hypoxaemia

A

Low oxygen levels in the blood

hypo - low
ox - o2
aemia - blood

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4
Q

Hypoxia

A

Low oxygen levels

hypo - low
ox - o2

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5
Q

Dyspnoea

A

Difficulty breathing

dys = difficulty
pnoea = air/breathing
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6
Q

Haematemesis

A

vomiting blood

haem - blood
emesis - vomiting

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7
Q

pneumothorax

A

air in the pleural cavity

pneumo - air
thorax - cavity

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8
Q

myocardial infarction

A

death of the heart muscle tissue

myo - muscle
cardial - heart
infarct - death

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9
Q

hypoglycaemia

A

low blood sugar/glucose

hypo - low
gly - glucose
aemia - blood

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10
Q

tachycardia

A

fast heart rate

tachy - fast
cardia - heart

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11
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

a clot and inflammation of the vein

thrombo - clot
phleb - vein
it is - inflammation of

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12
Q

hyperventilation

A

high ventilation rate

hyper - high
ventilation - breathing

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13
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

deficiency of platelets/thrombocytes in the blood

thrombo - clot
cyto - cell
penia - deficiency

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14
Q

haemothorax

A

blood in the lungs/chest

haem - blood
thorax - chest

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15
Q

retrosternal

A

behind the sternum

retro - behind
sternal - sternum

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16
Q

homeostasis

A

A stable equilibrium

homeo - similar
stasis - state

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17
Q

ataxic

A

lack of coordination

a - absence of
taxia - order/coordination

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18
Q

hepatomegaly

A

enlargement of the liver

hepato - liver
megaly - enlargement

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19
Q

hemiparesis

A

weakness in half the body

hemi - half
paresis - weakness

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20
Q

retinopathy

A

disease of the retina

retino - retina
pathy - disease

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21
Q

colonoscopy

A

camera inserting into the colon

colon - colon
oscopy - viewing of

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22
Q

polymyalgia

A

a condition causing systemic pain

poly - many
my - muscle
algia - pain

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23
Q

haematuria

A

blood in the urine

haema - blood
uria - urine

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24
Q

rhinorrhoea

A

discharge from the nose

rhino - nose
orrhoea - discharge/flow

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25
Q

neuralgia

A

nerve pain

neur/neuro - nerve
algia - pain

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26
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries

arterio - arteries
sclerosis - hardening

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27
Q

cyanosis

A

blue tinge to the skin

cyan - blue
osis - denoting a process or condition

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28
Q

endocardium

A

the inner lining of the heart

endo - inner
cardium - heart

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29
Q

dermatology

A

the study of the skin

derma - skin
ology - study

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30
Q

bradypnoeic

A

slow breathing rate

brady - slow
pnoeic - air/breath

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31
Q

ischaemia

A

inadequate/restriction of blood supply to tissues

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32
Q

aneurism

A

a bulge in a blood vessel caused by a weakness in the blood vessel wall

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33
Q

prophylaxis

A

treatment given to prevent disease

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34
Q

angina

A

chest pain caused by inadequate blood perfusion to cardiac tissue

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35
Q

thrombolysis

A

treatment of dangerous clots in the blood vessels, disintegration of thrombi

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36
Q

ventricular remodelling

A

refers to the changes in size, structure, shape, and function of the heart

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37
Q

percutaneous

A

done through the skin

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38
Q

ppci/coronary intervention/angioplasty

A

treatment used for angina (the narrowing of arteries)

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39
Q

coronary stenting

A

insertion of catheter with stent attached

inflation of balloon and thus stent

balloon/catheter removed

40
Q

aetiology

A

causes or origin of a disease

the reason for an illness

41
Q

cytokine storm

A

a severe immune reaction where the body releases a surplus of cytokines into the blood stream too quickly

essentially a dangerously uncontrolled immune response

often occurs in AI diseases

42
Q

ablation

A

destruction of electrical pathways by vaporisation

43
Q

artifact

A

misrepresentations of tissue structures produced by imaging techniques

44
Q

eupnoea

A

normal, quiet breathing

45
Q

apnoea

A

absence of breathing

46
Q

dyspnoea

A

difficult, laboured breathing

47
Q

tachypnoea

A

rapid resps

48
Q

hyperpnoea

A

deep inhalations

49
Q

orthopnoea

A

laboured breathing when lying flat

50
Q

hypoventilation

A

inadequate inflation of lungs

51
Q

hyperventilation

A

over inflation of the lungs

52
Q

paradoxical breathing

A

seen in flail chest when attempts to inhale causes collapse of a portion of the chest

53
Q

flail chest

A

two or more continuous fractures

54
Q

cheyne-stokes respirations

A

rhythmic waxing and waning of breathing during periods of apnoea (absence of breathing)

55
Q

negative feedback

A

a mechanism that restricts deviation from the set point, reduces an undesirable response

56
Q

positive feedback

A

intensifies/enhances the original stimulus to reach a desired outcome

57
Q

pinocytosis

A

cell drinking

58
Q

coning

A

herniation (abnormal protrusion of tissue) of the brain through the foramen magnum (the whole where the spinal cord meets the brain)

59
Q

aortic dissection

A

a serious tear in the aorta artery

60
Q

SCAD - spontaneous coronary artery dissection

A

a tear in the cardiac tissue

this can prevent blood flow to the heart and cause an MI

61
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

a blood clot that forms in the vessels and travels to the lung artery

62
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

a general term for heart diseases

usually caused by thickened/stiffened/stretched heart chambers

63
Q

pericardial tamponade

A

compression of the heart by an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac

usually caused by penetration of the cardiac tissue

64
Q

myxoma

A

a noncancerous tumour that arises from connective tissue

65
Q

SVCS - superior vena cava syndrome

A

a group of problems that arise when blood flow through the inferior vena cava is slowed down

causes: oedematous head and neck, swelling of arms and torso, cyanotic appearance of skin, appearance of collateralised (inadequate vessels) chest wall veins

66
Q

Proprioception

A

ones awareness of surroundings

67
Q

Somatic

A

distant from the mind

68
Q

catecholamines

A

blanket term for sympathetic neurotransmitters

69
Q

cholinergics

A

blanket term for parasympathetic neurotransmitters

70
Q

nerve fibre

A

general term for any neuronal process

71
Q

nerve

A

a bundle of many nerve fibres that course along the same path in the PNS

72
Q

hematoma

A

bad bruise, caused by trauma that causes blood to pool/collect

73
Q

ganglion

A

a cluster of nerve cell bodies

74
Q

plexus

A

an extensive network of axons located outside the CNS

75
Q

tract

A

a bundle of nerve fibres without connective tissue, found in the CNS

THINK OF LARGER CABLE WITH SMALL CABLES INSIDE

usually interconnect the brain and spinal cord

76
Q

neuroglia

A

supportive and connective tissue within the nervous system

77
Q

ataxia

A

a blanket term for disorders that affect coordination, balance, and speech

78
Q

ataxic

A

the presence of abnormal, uncoordinated movements

79
Q

epistaxis

A

bleeding from the nose

80
Q

titrate

A

to adjust according to patient response

a continuous measurement and adjustment based on physiological response

81
Q

DKA

A

diabetic ketoacidosis

a chain reaction caused from hypoglycaemia

excess ketones are released into the bloodstream causing dehydration, potassium imbalance and acidosis

82
Q

acidosis

A

when the body has too much acid in the bloodstream

83
Q

cheyne strokes

A

a breathing pattern that involves a period of fast, shallow breathing followed by slow, heavier breathing, and apnoea’s

84
Q

apnoea

A

period of no breathing

85
Q

the BTS (british thoracic society)

A

BTS exists to improve standards of care for people who have respiratory diseases and to support and develop those who provide that care

86
Q

bariatrics

A

the branch of medicine concerned with the prevention, management, and treatment of obesity

87
Q

sputum

A

a mixture of saliva and mucous

88
Q

trismus

A

restriction to the range of motion of the jaw

89
Q

fever

A

any deviation from normal set point temperature

90
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

A pheochromocytoma (fee-o-kroe-moe-sy-TOE-muh) is a rare, usually noncancerous (benign) tumor that develops in an adrenal gland

91
Q

benign

A

not harmful in effect

92
Q

rigor

A

a sudden feeling of cold with shivering accompanied by a rise in temperature, often with copious sweating, especially at the onset or height of a fever

93
Q

antipyretic

A

a drug used to prevent or reduce fever

94
Q

anxiolytic

A

drug to reduce anxiety

95
Q

histology

A

the study of the microscopic structure of tissues

96
Q

pyrexia

A

fever, abnormal body temp

Anatomy & Physiology (17 decks)

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