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GI > Medical cosnequences of alcohol > Flashcards

Medical cosnequences of alcohol Flashcards

1
Q

How much alcohol should be drank per week?

A

Not regulary drink more than 14 units a week ideally spread over 3 days

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2
Q

What are the statistic of mortality and death in scotland?

A

3000 deaths a year are attribtable to alcohol making it 1 in every 20 deaths

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3
Q

What are the acute effects on the CNS due to alcohol?

A

Accidents and violence

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4
Q

What are the acute effects on the GI tract due to alcohol?

A

Oesophagitis, gastritis/ ulceration

Acute pancreatitis

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5
Q

What are the acute effects on the respiratory tract due to alcohol?

A

Overdose

Aspiration

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6
Q

What are the chronic effects of alchol on the GI tract?

A

Stomach, liver, pancreas

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7
Q

What are the chronic effects of alcohol on the CV system?

A

Hypertension
Cardiomyopathy
MI
Stroke

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8
Q

What are the chronic effects of alcohol on the CNS?

A

Neuropathies
Cerebellar degenration
Dementia
Wernicke - Korsakoff’s syndrome

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9
Q

What are the chronic effects of alcohol on muscles?

A

Proximal myopathy

Oestoporesis

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10
Q

What are the chronic effects of alcohol on the hematologic system?

A

Anaemia

Bone marrow suppresion

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11
Q

What can foetal alcohol syndrome result in?

A

Growth deficiency
Mental retardation
Attention learing disabilites
Behavioural problems

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12
Q

What is the mainpathway of alcohol breakdown?

A

Alcohol is broken up into acetaldehyde which can then cause inflammation via the activation of TNF-alpha, hepatocyte damage and fibrosis

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13
Q

What can malabsorption lead to?

A

Impaired regeneration

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14
Q

What is the progression of alcohol related liver disease?

A

90-100% of peeople will develop fatty liver
Of these people, 20% will develop cirrhosis
Another 35% will develop alcoholic hepatitis and from these up to 70% will develop cirrhosis

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15
Q

What does cirrhosis put you at a higher risk for?

A

Cancer - hepatocellular carcinoma

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16
Q

What are the symptoms of alcoholic liver disease?

A 
Malaise
Nausea
Hepatomegaly 
Fever
Jaundice 
Sepsis
Encephalopathy
Ascites
Renal failure 
Death
17
Q

What are signs of chronic liver disease?

A

Stigmata: spiders, fetor, encephalopathy
Synthetic dysfunction
Prolonged prothrombin time, hypoalbuminaemia

18
Q

What are the signs of portal hypertension?

A

Caput medusa
Hypersplenism
Thrombocytopenia

19
Q

What are the features of alcoholic hepatitis on examination?

A

Recent excess alcohol
Bilirubin of more than 80 mol/l
Exclusion of other liver disease
AST < 500 (AST: ALT ratio >1.5)

20
Q

What are the clinical features of alcoholic hepatits?

A

Hepatomegaly
Fever
Leucocytosis
Hepatic bruit

GI (42 decks)

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