Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

YEAR 2 SEMESTER 2 ANATOMY > Mediastinum Week 8 FINISHED > Flashcards

Mediastinum Week 8 FINISHED Flashcards

1
Q

What does mediastinum mean in latin?

A

Middle septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What covers the mediastinum?

A

Mediastinal pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the mediastinum contains?

A

All the thoracic visceral and other structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Does the mediastinum contain the lungs?

A

NO, it is found BETWEEN the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the boundaries of the mediastinum?

A

Superior: superior thoracic aperture/outlet
Inferior: diaphragm
Anterior: Sternum and costal cartilages
Posterior: Thoracic vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the mediastinum contain?

A 
The heart and great vessels
Oesophagus
Trachea and its bifucations
Thymus gland
Thoracic duct
Lymph nodes
Phrenic nerve and vagus nerves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Is the mediastinum a mobile or immobile region?

A

Very mobile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What movements has to be accommodated for inside the mediastinum and what structures accommodate for this movement?

A

Movement, volume and pressure changes have to be accommodated for in the mediastinum (e.g. tracheobronchial tree movement with respiration, pulsating of blood vessels etc).

Connective tissue, mediastinal pleura and elasticity of the lungs accommodates for this.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the boundaries of the superior mediastinum? What is the shape of the superior mediastinum?

A

The boundaries are:
The superior thoracic apertures to the plane running between the sternal angle anteriorly to T4/5 IVD posteriorly (transverse thoracic plane). Anteriorly is the manubrium, and posteriorly is the thoracic spine T1-T4

The superior mediastinum is wedge shaped.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are 2 other names for the sternal angle?

A

Angle of louis

Manubriosternal joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What 3 things happen at the level of the transverse thoracic plane?

A

The trachea bifurcates

The location of the concavity of the aortic arch

Just superior to the bifurcation of the pulmonary trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the boundaries of the inferior mediastinum?

A

The boundaries:

The transverse thoracic place to the diaphragm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the inferior mediastinum further broken up into?

A

Anterior, middle and posterior parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does the anterior mediastinum lie? What does it contain?

A

It is a potential space, it lies between the pericardium and the sternum and contains:

  • the thymus gland
  • sternopericardial ligaments
  • lymph nodes
  • branches of the internal thoracic vessels.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is in the middle mediastinum?

A

The heart and adjoining great vessels

Adjoining lung roots

Phrenic nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is the posterior mediastinum found?

A

It is the region posterior to the heart and the pericardium.

Its boundaries are:

Posteriorly - T5-T12
Anteriorly - Domed regions of the diaphragm

17
Q

What is found within the posterior mediastinum?

A 
The oesophagus
The thoracic aorta
The azygous, hemiazygous and accessory hemiazygous veins
The thoracic duct
Lymph nodes
18
Q

Where is the thymus located? Between what vertebral levels does it extend?

A

Located in the lower neck and anterior part of the superior mediastinum as well as the anterior mediastinum.

It can extends between the level of the 4th costal cartilage to the lower poles of the thyroid gland

19
Q

How many lobes does the thymus have? What are they enclosed by?

A

2 lobes, one right and one left. The right lobe usually overlaps the left.

It is enclosed by a capsule

20
Q

Thymus dimensions

A

5cm long, 4cm wide 6cm thick

21
Q

Who is the thymus most prominent in?

A

Children. After puberty it decreases in size

22
Q

What is anterior to the thymus gland?

A

Sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles, the manubrium and the upper aspect of the body of the sternum with adjacent costal cartilages

23
Q

What is posterior to the thymus?

A

The pericardium, arch of the aorta, left brachiocephalic vein and trachea.

24
Q

What is the arterial supply of the thymus?

A

Inferior thyroid and internal thoracic arteries (major branch of the subclavian artery)

25
Q

What is the nerve supply for the thymus?

A

Vagus

Upper sympathetics

26
Q

What is the function of the thymus?

A

Central gland in the lymphatic system, which secretes hormone Thymosin.

It is involved in the maturation and development of the immune system

T-cells develop in the thymus before migrating to the spleen and lymph nodes

YEAR 2 SEMESTER 2 ANATOMY (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions