Mechanisms Of LDL Modifications In The Arterial Wall

Question 1

Which condition is necessary for the formation of fatty lesions of fibro-fatty plaques?

Answer 1

Hypercholesterolemia

Question 2

How do early fatty streaks often form?

Answer 2

In the presence of hypercholesterolemia, monocytes clustered on a patch of endothelial surface migrate into the subendothelial space and lead to the formation of a fatty streak

Question 3

Which are the 2 ways a person can have hypercholesterolemia?

Answer 3

• a mutation in the physiological LDL receptor

- high dietary cholesterol intake

Question 4

Why do cells with physiological LDL receptors not become lipid-laden cells?

Answer 4

Their LDL intake is regulated

Question 5

Which cells are able to oxidise LDLs and prevent them from using their physiological receptors?

Answer 5

Endothelial cells and macrophages

Question 6

Which cells have scavenger receptors

Answer 6

Macrophages

Question 7

What is characteristic about scavenger receptors?

Answer 7

They are unregulated and continue to take in LDLs until the cell dies (either by apoptosis or necrosis)