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RO General Section > MCT > Flashcards

MCT Flashcards

0
Q

In dogs treated with DRT for MCTs, what is the difference in DFI for dogs w microscopic disease vs. gross disease?

A

54 vs. 12 mos.

gross dz dogs live longer if mass is < 9 cm3

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1
Q

The local recurrence rate for dogs receiving DRT for MCTs ranges from:

A

5 to 20%

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2
Q

Using prophylactic LN irradiation for the treatment of canine MCT has what effect on MST/DFI/DFS?

A

No significant difference

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3
Q

In a study of dogs w cutaneous MCT & LN mets, what was the median DFI when given 57 Gy to local site & metastatic LNs?

A

41 mos

had late effects

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4
Q 
In a study of incompletely resected Gr III MCTs using DRT of 2.88 Gy x 18, what was:
MST? 
Median DFI?
1 yr local control %
2 yr local control %
A

28 mos
28 mos
65%
26%

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5
Q

In a study of 44 dogs with oral, perioral, & mucocutaneous MCT,
What % of dogs had LN mets on admission?
MST for dogs w LN mets vs. w/o mets?
Overall MST?

A

59%
14 mos vs. >36 mos (NR)
52 mos
(Hillman)

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6
Q

In a study of 24 dogs w MCT on the muzzle, it was found that tumors in this location have HIGHER or LOWER risk of metastasis vs. MCTs on the extremity & trunk?

A

HIGHER

Geiger

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7
Q

In a study of 17 dogs using PRT + Palladia + pred for MCTs not amenable to surgery, what was the:
ORR?
Median PFI?
Median time to max response?

A

76%
10 mos
1 month

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8
Q

In a study of 17 dogs using RT + Palladia + pred for MCTs not amenable to surgery, what % GI toxicity and hepatotoxicity?
Severity of RT-induced effects?

A

100%
80%
Minimal

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9
Q

In a study of 17 dogs using RT + Palladia + pred for MCTs not amenable to surgery, what were the effect of the presence of mutant c-KIT on:
PFI?
Survival time?

A

decreased PFI

no difference in ST

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10
Q

A significant number of MCTs have mutation in the c-KIT gene involving what exons?

A

8 (etracellular domain), 9, 11, 12 (juxtamembrane)

c-KIT mutation apear in 25-30@ of Gr II/III MCTs

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11
Q

Histamine release from MCT granules act on what receptors?

Dogs w MCT have increased plasma histamine and decreased what?

A

parietal cells via H2 receptors resulting in HCl secretion

plasma gastrin levels

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12
Q

MCTs stain positive to which 3 stains?

A

vimentin
tryptase
CD117 (KIT)

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13
Q

In dogs with undifferentiated MCTs, what % range are metastatic?
Most die within what time?

A

55-96%

most die ≤ 1 yr (Gr III)

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14
Q

What MI is used as a cut off for difference in MCT survival?

What are the MST above and below this point?

A

5
If MI ≤ 5, MST = 80 mos
If MI > 5, MST = 3 mos

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15
Q

The presence of c-KIT mutations in MCTs correlates with increase in what 3 things?

A

recurrence
metastasis
death due to disease

16
Q

Of the following locations, in which ones do reports support association with more aggressive behavior: preputial, inguinal, subungual, mucocutaneous, muzzle, scrotal, preputial, oral.

A

Muzzle, scrotal, preputial

17
Q

Regarding SQ MCT in the dog without c-KIT mutations, what are the 2 yr and 5 yr survival?

18
Q

Regarding SQ MCT in the dog, list 3 histologic features associated with decreased survival.

A

MI > 4
infiltrative growth pattern
multinucleation

19
Q

For dogs with visceral MCT, name a symptom at diagnosis that decreased survival. What was the MST for these dogs?

A

systemic clinical signs

3 mos

20
Q

What is the recurrence rate of incompletely excised Grade II MCTs in the dog?

21
Q

What is the benefit to adjunct steroids in cases of complete excision of canine MCTs treated w Sx + RT?

22
Q

Regarding canine MCTs, list 3 situations where patients should be treated as if there is a high capacity for metastasis

A
  1. Intermediate tumors w mets
  2. high MI
  3. mucocutaneous
23
Q

In dogs with MCTs, prednisone as the sole tx has what ORR?

A

70-75%
Pred causes apoptosis, decr. growth & reproduction rate of tumor cells
NOT cytotoxic

24
Q

Ancillary tx of MCTs involves use of drugs related to agents released by MCT granules. Name the classes of drugs and give examples

A

H1 blockers - diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine
H2 blockers - cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine
PPI - omiperazole; use w gross disease
Protamine sulfate - heparin antagonist used in cases of hemorrhage

25
Q

Are SQ MCTs in dogs MORE or LESS aggressive than dermal MCTs?
Does the Patnik scale apply to SQ MCTs?

A

LESS
No
(8% local recurrence, median DFI = 68 mos

26
Q

Regarding grading MCT, the Kiupel system (two tier) considers high grad to have what 4 features? (???)

A
  1. > 7 MI/10 HPF
  2. ≥ 3 multinucleated cells/10 HPF
  3. ≥ 3 bizzare nuclei/10HPF
  4. karyomegaly
27
Q

In a study of cats with cutaneous MCTs treated w Sr-90ß irradiation +/- steroids:
MST?
local control?
did any cats die of disease?

A

36 mos
98%
No

28
Q

In cats, MCTs with a high MI correlates with what 3 things?

A

recurrence
survival
2nd MCT development

RO General Section (17 decks)

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