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Bloc G - Infection > May10 M2-Hepatitis > Flashcards

May10 M2-Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

(IMPORTANT) can you cure hepB

A

no

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2
Q

(IMPORTANT) can you cure hepC

A

yes, with 8-12 weeks of treatment

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3
Q

most feared complication of hepatitis

A

cirrhosis

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4
Q

(IMPORTANT) how hepA is transmitted

A
  • fecal-oral
  • (sexual rarely)
  • consumption of contaminated water, shellfish or other food
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5
Q

(IMPORTANT) how hepB is transmitted

A
  • sexual
  • vertical
  • parenteral (IV iatrogenic, needles, etc.)
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6
Q

(IMPORTANT) how hepC is transmitted

A
  • vertical
  • parenteral (IVDU, needles, contam blood products, etc.)
  • (sexual rarely, MSM)
  • (health related work rarely)
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7
Q

(IMPORTANT) how hepD is transmitted

A
  • sexual
  • vertical
  • parenteral (IV iatrogenic, needles, etc.)
  • ALWAYS OCCURS WITH HEPB COINFECTION*
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8
Q

(IMPORTANT) how hepE is transmitted

A
  • fecal-oral
  • (sexual rarely)
  • pigs and porks (swine fecal material)
  • occurs with hepA, same mode of transmission*
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9
Q

(IMPORTANT) how hepB is transmitted in low prevalence regions like Canada (with low prevalence of hepB)

A

first time infections through IV

  • drug use (IVDU)
  • sharing contaminated needles
  • occupationally
  • sexually
  • *get acute hepatitis BUT <5% get chronic hepatitis**
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10
Q

(IMPORTANT) how hepB is transmitted in high prevalence regons (like Africa)

A
  • perinatal transmission (passed from mom to child during pregnancy and at child birth)
  • 90% will dev chronic hepatitis
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11
Q

(IMPORTANT) how hepB is transmitted in intermediate prevalence regions (like Asia)

A

during childhood/horizontally (during childhood years)

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12
Q

(IMPORTANT) ‘‘vector’’ of transmission of hepB (how is it transmitted, through what substance)

A
  • blood (the most)
  • semen
  • saliva
  • cervical secretions
  • (lives long tie on surfaces)
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13
Q

(IMPORTANT) 3 tests for hepB

A
  • surface Ags
  • surface Abs (Abs to the surface Ag)
  • core Abs (Abs to the core Ag)
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14
Q

(IMPORTANT) how the 3 tests for hepB + total core Abs (includes IgG cAb) evolve with time when you get acute hepatitis B (infection in adult life, unprotected sex for example)

A
  1. sAg up then back down
  2. cAb IgM up a bit later then back down too
  3. Total cAb (IgM + IgG) goes up with cAb IgM and present for life (bc IgG stays)
  4. sAb goes up and stays for life (after cAb IgM down) IS PRESENT ONLY AFTER INFECTION
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15
Q

(IMPORTANT) how the 3 tests for hepB + total core Abs (includes IgG cAb) evolve with time when you get chronic hepatitis B (infection perinatally)

A
  1. sAg up and there for life
  2. then cAb IgM up and then down
  3. Total cAb (IgM + IgG) goes up with cAb IgM and present for life (bc IgG stays)
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16
Q

(IMPORTANT) how the 3 tests for hepB differ for chronic hepB vs acute hepB

A
  1. acute = sAg will go up then back down
    chronic = sAg stays up for life
  2. acute = sAb will go up late and stay for life. chronic = sAb never appears bc immune system can’t clear the sAg
    *but both have cAb go up and stay for life (and IgM back down long term)
17
Q

(IMPORTANT) what tests do you order to know if a patient is currently infected with hepB (acute or chronic, doesn’t matter)

A

sAg

18
Q

(IMPORTANT) what tests do you order to know if a patient has ever been exposed to hepatitis B

A

total cAb

19
Q

(IMPORTANT) what test do you order to know if a patient is immune to hepB (means acute and healed it. you’re not immune if chronically infected)

A

sAb

20
Q

(IMPORTANT) what test do you order to know if a patient has ACUTE HEP B INFECTION SPECIFICALLY (want to discriminate acute vs chronic)

A

cAb IgM*

-NOT sAg bc is always there with chronic

21
Q

(IMPORTANT) what is the Ab to hepB that gives you immunity to hepB

A

sAb

22
Q

(IMPORTANT) meaning of sAg-, sAb- and cAb-

A

no prior exposure

23
Q

(IMPORTANT) meaning of sAg-, sAb+, cAb-

A

vaccination (vaccine only has sAg in it bc anws it is the sAb that gives you immunity)

24
Q

(IMPORTANT) meaning of sAg-, sAb+, cAb+

A

resolved acute infection

25
Q

(IMPORTANT) meaning of sAg+, sAb-, cAb+

A

acute or chronic infection (sAb- bc only have sAb AFTER acute infection and not during acute)

26
Q

(IMPORTANT) if you got a sAg+, sAb-, cAb+, how will you differentiate the acute infection from the chronic infection

A

by knowing if cAb IgM is + (acute) or - (chronic)

Bloc G - Infection (39 decks)

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