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Step 2 CK > May 9th > Flashcards

May 9th Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of HF is seen in thiamine def?

A

High output HF with dilated cardiomyopathy

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2
Q

Left hemineglect syndrome is caused by a lesion where?

A

Right, (Nondominant) parietal lobe

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3
Q

When is screening abdominal ultrasound indicated?

A

Men age 65-75 with a history of smoking

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4
Q

What are the risk factors for rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis?

A

DM, hematologic malignancy, solid organ or stem cell transplant

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5
Q

Where is trypanosoma cruzi endemic?

A

South America

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6
Q

What is the classic triad of congenital rubella syndrome?

A

Machine like systolic murmur (PDA), snesorineural hearing loss, leukocoria (while pupillary reflex) from cataracts

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7
Q

What antibody is seen in Hashimoto thyroiditis?

A

TPO antibody

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8
Q

What statistical test is used to compare two means?

A

Two sample t - test

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9
Q

When is ANOVA used in stats?

A

To compare three or more means

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10
Q

A SAAG of what indicates portal HTN?

A

SAAG > 1.1

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11
Q

How is SAAG calculated?

A

Serum albumin - peritoneal fluid albumin

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12
Q

Antibodies to what structure are part of the pathogenesis of bullous pemphigoid?

A

Antibodies to IgG

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13
Q

Acyclovir can lead to what type of kidney injury?

A

Esp IV acyclovir can see crystal induced acute kidney injury

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14
Q

How is cryptosporidium diagnosed on stool examination?

A

Modified acid-fast stain reveals cryptosporidial oocytes

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15
Q

What are the contraindications to rotavirus vaccine?

A

Anaphylaxis to vaccine, h/o intussusception, h/o uncorrected congenital malformation of the GI tract, SCID

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16
Q

What type of vaccine is rotavirus?

A

Live attenuated virus vaccine

17
Q

Young boy with bone pain worse at night, relieved by NSAIDs

A

Osteoid osteoma

18
Q

What is pulsus paradoxus?

A

Systolic BP fall >10 mmHg during inspiration; commonly seen in cardiac tamponade, COPD/asthma

19
Q

What do you see pulsus paradoxus?

A

seen in cardiac tamponade, COPD/asthma

20
Q

How does acute arsenic poisoning manifest?

A

Nausea, vomiting, watery diarrhea, garlic breath, QTc prolongation

21
Q

How does chronic arsenic poisoning manifest?

A

Hypo- / hyperpigmentation, hyperkeratoses, stocking-glove neuropathy

22
Q

How is arsenic poisoning treated?

A

Dimercaprol, DMSA, succimer

23
Q

What is the treatment for amyloidosis (AA)?

A

Secondary amyloidosis (AA) can be treated / prevented with colchicine

24
Q

What is the pathophysiology of hyperoxaluria in Crohns disease?

A

CD leads to fat malabsorption, calcium binds to the fat and leaves oxalate available for absorption (usually calcium binds oxalate and prevents absorption)

25
Q

How is a hydatid cyst treated?

A

Aspiration if needed to prevent cyst spillage and anaphylactic shock; otherwise surgical resection under the cover of albendazole

26
Q

What are the indications for clozapine treatment?

A

Treatment-resistant schizophrenia; schizophrenia associated with suicidality

27
Q

What are the contraindications to methylergonovine use in postpartum hemorrhage?

A

HTN/history of hypertension

28
Q

What is the contraindication to carboprost use in postpartum hemorrhage?

A

Causes bronchoconstriction and thus is CI in asthma

29
Q

How is postpartum hemorrhage treated?

A

First: uterine massage + oxytocin; if fail give methylergonovine (watch for HTN) or carboprost (watch for asthma/bronchoconstriction)

30
Q

What is the cause of infertility in primary ciliary dyskinesia?

A

Immotile spermatozoa (vs CF due to absent vas deferens)

31
Q

What are the clinical features of TTP?

A

Hemolytic anemia (incr LDH, low haptoglobin) with schistocytes, thrombocytopenia (increased BT, normal PT/PTT), renal failure, neuro stuff, fever

32
Q

What is the cause of TTP?

A

Def in protease ADAMTS13 - leads to long chains of vWF

33
Q

How is TTP treated?

A

Plasma exchange

34
Q

Why are ACEi effective in diabetic nephropathy?

A

Reduces intraglomerular HTN

35
Q

What is the prophylaxis for toxoplasmosis? And when is it started?

A

TMP-SMX at CD4 <100

36
Q

What is the prophylaxis for MAC? And when is it started?

A

Azithromycin, CD4 <50

37
Q

Antibodies found in polymyositis?

A

Anti-Jo 1 and ANA

Step 2 CK (19 decks)

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