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Step 2 CK > May 7th > Flashcards

May 7th Flashcards

1
Q

What is the treatment for ancylostoma (hook worm)?

A

Ivermectin

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2
Q

What is ancylostoma?

A

Hook worm - pruritic, migrating serpiginous reddish brown rash

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3
Q

What are the physiologic effects of arteriovenous fistula?

A

Increased preload, increased CO, decreased SVR

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4
Q

What is the mechanism of duodenal hematoma?

A

Blunt force trauma resulting in duodenum compressed against vertebral body, resulting in blood collecting between submucosa and muscular layer of the duodenum. Resulting in partial/complete obstruction

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5
Q

How is pertussis diagnosed?

A

Pertussis PCR or culture; see a lymphocyte-predominant leukocytosis

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6
Q

How is warfarin reversed?

A

Rapid: FFP; Vitamin K if longer time

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of fetal growth restriction at delivery?

A

Thin, loose skin, thin umbilical cord, wide anterior fontanel, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, decreased subQ fat

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8
Q

What is the predominant mechanism of ventricular arrhythmias in the immediate post-infarction period?

A

Reentry - resulting in v fib

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9
Q

What is the classic presentation of neonatal displaced clavicular fracture?

A

Crepitus over the clavicle, asymmetric Moro reflex, and pain with passive motion of the affected extremity

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10
Q

How is neonatal displaced clavicular fracture treated?

A

Reassurance, gentle handling; place affected arm in long sleeve and pin sleeve to chest

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11
Q

What nerve palsy is common in idiopathic intracranial hypertension?

A

6th

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12
Q

What is the treatment for idiopathic intracranial hypertension?

A

Acetazolamide

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13
Q

6 yo M with h/o URI 3 weeks ago, presents with petechiae on trunk and extremities, Hgb 13.5, Plts 40,000, and WBC 7,000; peripheral smear with large platelets. Diagnosis?

A

Immune thrombocytopenia

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14
Q

How is immune thrombocytopenia treated?

A

Children with skin sxs only: observation; Children with bleeding, and adults with plts < 30,000: IVIg and glucocorticoids; splenectomy is last resort - used in refractory cases

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15
Q

Patient with HIV and weakly ring-enhancing periventricular mass; CSF with EBV DNA. Diagnosis?

A

CNS lymphoma

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16
Q

What is the most important predisposing risk factor to aortic dissection?

A

Systemic hypertension

17
Q

What is cardiac index?

A

Pump function - myocardial contractility

18
Q

What are the laboratory findings of hemophilia a and b?

A

Prolonged aPTT, normal Plt, BT, and PT. Decreased or absent factor VIII (a) or factor IX (B).

19
Q

What is the treatment for hemophilia?

A

VIII and desmopressin for hemophila a; factor IX for hemophilia B

20
Q

How is bacterial vaginosis treated?

A

Oral metronidazole (500 mg BID x 7 days)

21
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of chikungunya fever?

A

High fevers, SEVERE POLYARTHRALGIAS, headache, conjunctiviits, maculopapular rash, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated LFTs

22
Q

What is the treatment for cyclosporine induced HTN?

A

Usually due to renal vasoconstriction and Na retention; treat with CCB

23
Q

What malignancies is cyclosporine use associated with?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma and lymphoproliferative

24
Q

Patient with renal transplant presents with gingival hypertrophy

A

Think cyclosporine

25
Q

What is the MOA of mycophenolate?

A

Inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase; rate limiting enzyme in de novo purine synthesis

26
Q

What is the major side effect in mycophenolate?

A

Bone Marrow suppression

27
Q

What are the major side effects of cyclosporine?

A

Nephrotoxicity, hyperkaemia, HTN, gum hypertrophy, hirsutism and tremor

28
Q

What are the main differences in side effects between tacrolimus and cyclosporine?

A

Tacrolimus does not have hirsutism or gum hypertrophy

Step 2 CK (19 decks)

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