Management of pts with urinary disorders ch 49

Question 1

CAUTIs account for ____% of all hospital acquired infections

Answer 1

50

Question 2

Lower UTIs
___________ (bladder)
__________ (Prostate)
__________ (urethra)

Answer 2

cystitis
prostatitis
urethritis

Question 3

Upper UTI
_______________: acute or chronic
Interstitial ____________
________abscess & _______ abscess

Answer 3

Pyelonephritis
nephritis
Renal , Prerenal

Question 4

What are ways that bacteria can get into the urinary tract ?

Answer 4

*Reflux from urethra back into the bladder
* Bladder refluxes into the ureters

Question 5

Mia comes into urgent care and is complaining of the urgency and frequency to urinate, burning while urinating , and cloudy and foul smelling urine. What is she most likely to be diagnosed with?

Answer 5

Cystitis

Question 6

What is some nursing management for cystitis?
* encourage _____
* Send urine for _________
* administer ____ and bladder ________ (pyridium)
*Teach pts to drink __________ juice to increase urine ________
*Teach female pts to void after ___________
* Teach females to wipe _________ to _________

Answer 6

fluids
culture
ABX, analgesics
cranberry, acidity
intercourse
front,back

Question 7

What are some complications of UTIs?

Answer 7

Sepsis
Acute kidney injury (can increase BUN and Creatinine)
Chronic kidney disease

Question 8

What kind of things should you look for during the assessment for someone with pyelonephritis?

Answer 8

Chills
fever
general malaise
urinary frequency
dysuria
flank pain
CVA tenderness

Question 9

How do you manage pyelonephritis?
__________ therapy, antiseptics, ___________
increase fluid intake to ________ml / day
May have periodic blood tests to look at ______ (checking infection)
May have urine _________ done to see response to therapy

Answer 9

ABX, analgesics
3000
WBCs
culture

Question 10

If you have a kidney stone in the urinary tract , it is called a _________

Answer 10

urolithiasis

Question 11

If you have a kidney stone in the kidney ______________

Answer 11

nephrolithiasis

Question 12

Kidney stones can be caused by anything that increases __________ concentration in the blood or urine

Answer 12

calcium

Question 13

Kidney stones are also known as

Answer 13

urinary tract calculi

Question 14

How to you diagnose a pt with a kidney stone?

Answer 14

CT
Urine sample
Stone analysis
Cystoscopy

Question 15

Stones usually form from:

Answer 15

Calcium oxalate
Calcium phosphate
uric acid

Question 16

Kidney stone treatment
* ____________ Therapy
* _____ Management

Answer 16

Nutritional
Pain

Question 17

Interventional procedures for kidney stones

Answer 17

Ureteroscopy
Lithotripsy : shockwaves shatter the stones

Question 18

Surgical management of kidney stones

Answer 18

Stent
Nephrostomy

Question 19

Why is urinary incontinence so underreported?

Answer 19

Embarrassment

Question 20

what are the types of incontinence ?

Answer 20

stress - leaking during physical activity or exertion
urge - sudden , intense urge to urinate followed by involuntary loss of urine
functional - (can’t reach the bathroom)
overflow - bladder is too full and leaks

Question 21

interventions for incontinence
* ___________ training
* _______ exercises
* _________ Sling
* _________ caths, incontinence. pads

Answer 21

bladder
pelvic
bladder
condom

Question 22

urinary retention is the inability of the _________ to ______ completely

Answer 22

bladder , empty

Question 23

________ urine is the amount of urine left in the bladder after voiding

Answer 23

residual

Question 24

Causes of urinary retention
Post op
DM, prostatic _________, urethral pathology, trauma, pregnancy, neurological disorder (MS or parkinson’s)
Meds
Cancer
Calculi (____________)

Answer 24

enlargement
kidney stones

Question 25

signs and symptoms of urinary retention * voiding ___________ but in ______ amounts * ___________ discomfort (maybe) * Appropriate ____________ w/o urinary output for >6hrs * ________ specific gravity level in urine

Answer 25

frequently, small suprapubic hydration high

Question 26

What are some questions to ask a patient with urinary incontinence.

Answer 26

“when was the last time you urinated and how much was there?” “Are you urinating small amounts or urine frequently?” “are you dribbling urine” “Are you in any pain or discomfort of lower abdomen”

Question 27

why would a pt with urinary incontinence be a fall risk?

Answer 27

they are more likely to be rushing to the bathroom

Question 28

complications of retention * _________ of bladder * _________ or sepsis * build up of _______ in the blood (BUN) * ________ damaged around bladder * Kidney ________

Answer 28

rupture infection urea nerves stones

Question 29

What are the criteria for indwelling foley are : * accurate ______ for critical ill pts * severe urinary ___________ * incontinent pt with _________ wounds * Use in the ___ * Comfort for _______

Answer 29

I&Os retention sacral OR end-of-life

Question 30

UTIs occur when _________ gains entrance to the __________

Answer 30

bacteria bladder

Question 31

Bacteria reaches the bladder by: ________ from urethra back into the ________ ______ refluxes into the ureters

Answer 31

refluxes, bladder bladder

Question 32

Why are females more prone to UTIs than males are?

Answer 32

Women have much shorter urethras than men

Question 33

What is pyelonephritis?

Answer 33

kidney infection

Question 34

Signs and symptoms on pyelonephritis

Answer 34

chills fever malaise urinary frequency dysuria flank pain CVA tenderness

Question 35

How is pyelonephritis treated?

Answer 35

ABX therapy, antiseptics, analgesics Increase fluids to 3000ml a day if not contraindicated WBCs tests urine culture to see response to therapy

Question 36

what are some interventions for urinary retention? - Encourage normal ___________ patterns - Apply warmth to relax ___________ - Utilization of trigger techniques - utilizing __________ scanning to check for __________

Answer 36

voiding sphincters bladder, distension