Chapter 31: Immune Function Flashcards
Natural Innate Immunity is a _____________ response to any foreign invader
nonspecific
White blood cell’s action in the immune response is to release cell mediators such as __________, ___________, and ________________ and engulf (_____________) foreign substances
histamine
bradykinin
prostaglandins
phagocytize
The inflammatory response is an example of what kind of immunity?
natural innate immunity
Physical barriers such as intact skin, chemical barriers, acidic gastric secretions and enzymes in things such as saliva and tears are part of what kind of immunity?
natural innate immunity
Acquired immunity is ___________ against a foreign antigen. This is a result of ________ exposure to an ___________
specific
prior
antigen
Active immunity is immunologic defenses developed by the person’s _________. This can last many years and some may last a lifetime. This kind of immunity usually refers to ____________ (Polio,chickenpox,HepB)
body
vaccines
Passive immunity is ___________. It results from a _________ of a source outside of the body that has developed immunity through previous disease or immunization. For example, transfer of antibodies from mother to infant through BF; receiving immune globulin through injections
temporary
outside
The major advantage of passive immunity is that protection is _________ whereas active immunity takes time (usually several weeks to develop) However, passive immunity lasts for only a few _______ or _________. Only active immunity is _______-________
immediate
weeks, months
long-lasting
What cells are involved in humoral immunity ?
B lymphocytes
What are the products of humoral immunity?
Antibodies
Are memory cells present in humoral immunity?
Yes, memory cells are present
What does humoral immunity protect against?
Bacteria
Viruses (extra cellular)
Respiratory pathogens
GI pathogens
What cells are involved in cellular immunity?
T lymphocytes and macrophages
What are the products of cellular immunity?
Sensitized T cells
Cytokines
Are memory cells present in cellular immunity?
Yes, memory cells are present
What does cellular immunity protect against?
Fungus
Viruses (intracellular)
Chronic infectious agents
Tumor cells
IgA: passes ________ through BM, appears in all bodily fluids, prevents absorption of antigens from food
antibodies
IgM: the first immunoglobulin produced in response to a ___________ infection
bacterial
IgG: assures a major role in _______-_______ infections and crosses the ________ barriers
blood-borne
placental
IgE: Takes part in ___________ reactions
allergic
The Primary Immune Response (phagocytosis response) responds to invasion by having _____s ingest the foreign particles and destroy the invading agents. _____________ is known as programmed cell death
WBCs
apoptosis
The secondary immune response consists of ___________ and ____________ immunity
cellular
humoral
Humoral immunity is the __________ response with __ cells
antibody
B
The cellular immune response releases the ___-cells which are known as the cytotoxic _______ cells
T
killer
The aging immune system GAINS the ability to protect against infections and cancer and SUCCEEDS to support appropriate wound healing. Vaccine responses are typically ENHANCED in older individuals. (TRUE OR FALSE)
FALSE: The aging immune system LOSES the ability to protect against infections and cancer and FAILS to support appropriate wound healing. Vaccine responses are typically IMPAIRED in older individuals.
