Chapter 31: Immune Function

Question 1

Natural Innate Immunity is a _____________ response to any foreign invader

Answer 1

nonspecific

Question 2

White blood cell’s action in the immune response is to release cell mediators such as __________, ___________, and ________________ and engulf (_____________) foreign substances

Answer 2

histamine
bradykinin
prostaglandins
phagocytize

Question 3

The inflammatory response is an example of what kind of immunity?

Answer 3

natural innate immunity

Question 4

Physical barriers such as intact skin, chemical barriers, acidic gastric secretions and enzymes in things such as saliva and tears are part of what kind of immunity?

Answer 4

natural innate immunity

Question 5

Acquired immunity is ___________ against a foreign antigen. This is a result of ________ exposure to an ___________

Answer 5

specific
prior
antigen

Question 6

Active immunity is immunologic defenses developed by the person’s _________. This can last many years and some may last a lifetime. This kind of immunity usually refers to ____________ (Polio,chickenpox,HepB)

Answer 6

body
vaccines

Question 7

Passive immunity is ___________. It results from a _________ of a source outside of the body that has developed immunity through previous disease or immunization. For example, transfer of antibodies from mother to infant through BF; receiving immune globulin through injections

Answer 7

temporary
outside

Question 8

The major advantage of passive immunity is that protection is _________ whereas active immunity takes time (usually several weeks to develop) However, passive immunity lasts for only a few _______ or _________. Only active immunity is _______-________

Answer 8

immediate
weeks, months
long-lasting

Question 9

What cells are involved in humoral immunity ?

Answer 9

B lymphocytes

Question 10

What are the products of humoral immunity?

Answer 10

Antibodies

Question 11

Are memory cells present in humoral immunity?

Answer 11

Yes, memory cells are present

Question 12

What does humoral immunity protect against?

Answer 12

Bacteria
Viruses (extra cellular)
Respiratory pathogens
GI pathogens

Question 13

What cells are involved in cellular immunity?

Answer 13

T lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 14

What are the products of cellular immunity?

Answer 14

Sensitized T cells
Cytokines

Question 15

Are memory cells present in cellular immunity?

Answer 15

Yes, memory cells are present

Question 16

What does cellular immunity protect against?

Answer 16

Fungus
Viruses (intracellular)
Chronic infectious agents
Tumor cells

Question 17

IgA: passes ________ through BM, appears in all bodily fluids, prevents absorption of antigens from food

Answer 17

antibodies

Question 18

IgM: the first immunoglobulin produced in response to a ___________ infection

Answer 18

bacterial

Question 19

IgG: assures a major role in _______-_______ infections and crosses the ________ barriers

Answer 19

blood-borne
placental

Question 20

IgE: Takes part in ___________ reactions

Answer 20

allergic

Question 21

The Primary Immune Response (phagocytosis response) responds to invasion by having _____s ingest the foreign particles and destroy the invading agents. _____________ is known as programmed cell death

Answer 21

WBCs
apoptosis

Question 22

The secondary immune response consists of ___________ and ____________ immunity

Answer 22

cellular
humoral

Question 23

Humoral immunity is the __________ response with __ cells

Answer 23

antibody
B

Question 24

The cellular immune response releases the ___-cells which are known as the cytotoxic _______ cells

Answer 24

T
killer

Question 25

The aging immune system GAINS the ability to protect against infections and cancer and SUCCEEDS to support appropriate wound healing. Vaccine responses are typically ENHANCED in older individuals. (TRUE OR FALSE)

Answer 25

FALSE: The aging immune system LOSES the ability to protect against infections and cancer and FAILS to support appropriate wound healing. Vaccine responses are typically IMPAIRED in older individuals.