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Respiratory System > Management of COPD > Flashcards

Management of COPD Flashcards

1
Q

Other conditions caused by COPD

A

Loss of muscle mass
Weight loss
Cardiac disease
Depression, anxiety

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2
Q

What needs to be treated in COPD

A 
Improve exercise tolerance
Prevent exacerbations
Nutrition/weight loss
Complications
Anxiety/depression 
Co-morbidities
Dysfunctional breathing
Palliative care
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3
Q

Non pharmacological management

A 
Smoking cessation
Vaccinations (flu, pneumococcal)
Pulmonary rehabilitation 
Nutritional assessment 
Psychological support
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4
Q

Effect of vaccination

A

Decreases severity of other diseases but doesn’t prevent them

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5
Q

Most effective pharmacological management

A

Pulmonary rehabilitations

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6
Q

Benefits of pharmacological management

A

Relieve symptoms
Prevent exacerbations
Improve quality of life

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7
Q

Inhaled therapy

A

Short acting bronchodilators
Long acting bronchodilators
High dose inhaled corticosteroids and LABA

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8
Q

Examples of short acting bronchodilators

A

SABA - Salbutamol

SAMA - Ipratropium

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9
Q

Examples of long acting bronchodilators

A

LAMA - umeclidinium, tioptrpium

LABA - salmeterol

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10
Q

Examples of high dose inhaled corticosteroids and LABA

A

Relvar

Fostair MDI

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11
Q

Why are steroids only used with bronchodilators

A

Steroids increase risk of pneumonia if used on their own

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12
Q

Long term oxygen is given if

A

PaCo2 < 7.3kPa

PaCo2 7.3-8kPa but have other nocturnal hypoxia, peripheral oedema, pulmonary hypertension, polycythaemia

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13
Q

COPD acute exacerbations symptoms

A 
Increasing breathlessness
Cough
Sputum volume
Sputum purulence
Wheeze
Chest tightness
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14
Q

Acute exacerbations COPD primary care management

A

Short acting bronchodilators
Steroids
Antibiotics
Consider hospital treatment

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15
Q

Most exacerbations are secondary to

A

Viral infection

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16
Q

Evidence of infection

A

Fever

Increase in volume/purulence of sputum

17
Q

Steroids used in acute exacerbations

A

Prednisolone

18
Q

Hospital admission if

A

Tachypneoa
Low oxygen saturation (<90-92%)
Hypotension

19
Q

Acute exacerbations investigations

A 
Full blood count
Biochemistry and glucose
Chest x-ray
Arterial blood gas
Sputum microscopy
Blood culture
Electrocardiograph
20
Q

Ward based management

A 
Oxygen 
Nebulised bronchodilators 
Corticosteroids
Antibiotics
Asses for evidence of respiratory failure
21
Q

Oxygen target saturation for patients on ward

A

88-92%

22
Q

Management of acute respiratory failure

A

Non-invasive ventilation

23
Q

Management of breathlessness and dysfunctional breathing

A

Pharmacological - morphine
Psychological support
Palliative care referral

24
Q

Anticipatory care plan

A

Hospital admission
Ceiling of treatment - ward based, HDU, ventilation
DNACPR

Respiratory System (20 decks)

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