Management- Appendix Flashcards
Technical Core
The heart of the organization’s production of its product or service.
Operations Management
Refers to using various tools and techniques to ensure that goods and services are delivered successfully to customers or clients.
Manufacturing Organizations
those that produce physical goods.
Service Organizations
Produce nonphysical outputs, such as medical, educational, communication or transportation services for customers.
Supply Chain Management
Refers to managing the sequence of suppliers and purchasers, covering all stages of processing from obtaining raw materials to distributing finished goods to consumers.
Process Layout
has the advantage of potential for economies of scale and reduced costs. But can make the process pretty long.
Cellular Layout
Based on group-technology principles. Work flows from one station to another. In a manufacturin plant, all machines dedicated to a sequence of operations are grouped into cells, and materials flow from one station to another. Grouping technology into cells provides some of the efficiences of both process and product layouts.
Fixed-Position Layout
Is one in which the product remains in one location and employees and equipment are brought to it.
Mass Customization
Flexible manufacturing enbales this, which is a rocess by which products are produced cost-effectively in high volume but are customized to meet individual needs.
Lean Thinking
combininsh advanced technology and innovative management processes and using highly trained employees to solve problems, cut waste, impove the productivity, quality, and efficiency of products and services, and increase customer value.
Inventory
The goods the organization keeps on hand for use in the production process.
Finished-Goods Inventory
includes items that have passed through the entire production process but have not been sold.
Work-in-Process Inventory
Includes the materials moving through the stages of the production process that are not completed products.
Raw Materials Inventory
Includes the basic inputs to the organization’s production process.
Just-in-time (JIT) Inventory Systems
designed to reduce the level of an organization’s inventory and its associated costs, aiming to push to zero the amount of time that raw materials and finished products are just sitting in the factor, being inspected or in transit.
Information Technology (IT)
consists of the hardware, software, telecommunications, database management, and other technologies it uses to store data and make them available in the form of information for organizational decision making.
Knowledge Management
refers to the efforst to systematically gather knowledge, organize it, make it widely available throughout the organization, and foster a culture of continuous learning and knowledge sharing.
Business Intelligence Software
Analyzes data and extracts useful insights, patterns, and relationships that might be significant.
Expert-locator Systems
Identify and catalog experts in a searchable database so people can quickly identify who has knowledge they can use.
Groupware
software that works on a computer network or via the Internet to link people or workgroups across a room or around the globe.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems
Integrate and optimize all the various business processes across the entire firm.
E-business
Can be defied as any business that takes place by digital processes over a computer network rather than in physical space.
E-commerce
A more limited term that refers specifically to business exchanges or transactions that occur electronically.
Intranet
an internal communications systems that use the technology and standards of the Internet but is accessible only to people within the company.
Extranet
An external communication’s system that uses the internet and is shared by two or more organizations.
