Malcom X and black power

Question 1

How did Malcom X’s father die?

Answer 1

Murdered by white suprmacists.

Question 2

Where did Malcom X convert to islam?

Answer 2

Prison.

Question 3

What religious group did Malcom X join?

Answer 3

Nation of Islam

Question 4

What did the Nation of Islam believe in?

Answer 4

Separatism - black people could only be free in an environment with no white people.

Question 5

Who was the leader of Nation of Islam?

Answer 5

Elijah Mohammed.

Question 6

Give 2 reasons why Malcom X criticised MLK belief in non-violence and integration.

Answer 6

1. Believed it was unnatural to allow your enemy to fight you without fighting back.
2. Believed integration would only lead to new forms of slavery for black people.

Question 7

What impact did Malcom X’s pilgrimage to Mecca have on his beliefs?

Answer 7

Rejected beliefs of separatism, left Nation of Islam, more willing to work with other civil rights campaigners.

Question 8

What happened to Malcom X in February 1965?

Answer 8

Assassinated by gunmen from Nation of Islam.

Question 9

What issues did black power focus on that were different to the civil rights movement? (3)

Answer 9

1. Pride in black heritage and culture.
2. Community control - improvements to schools and housing which was achieved by black people controlling them
3. Self - defence

Question 10

When did black power begin to emerge as a movement?

Answer 10

1966

Question 11

Who was seen as a spokesperson for black power?

Answer 11

Stokely Carmichael

Question 12

How did Carmichael change SNCC?

Answer 12

Expelled white members in 1966.

Question 13

When and where were the Olympics where to runners staged a black power salute?

Answer 13

1968, Mexico Olympics

Question 14

How did the crowd react to the salute?

Answer 14

Booing

Question 15

Name the 2 founders of the Black Panther party.

Answer 15

Huey Newton
Bobby Searle

Question 16

What did the black panthers wear?

Answer 16

Black beret
Trousers
Leather jacket.

Question 17

How did the Black Panthers address police brutality towards black Americans?

Answer 17

Patrol the pigs - patrolled black areas and monitored any arrests of black people

Question 18

Name 3 ways black panthers supported black people living in ghettos.

Answer 18

1. Set up free breakfasts for children.
2. Set up clinics to advise on health, welfare and legal rights.
3. Set up liberation schools to teach self-respect and black pride.

Question 19

What is black separatism?

Answer 19

The belief that black people should lie completely separately from white people.

Question 20

What did Malcom X do for the number of people in the NOI?

Answer 20

Rose from 500 members in 1952 to 30,000 in 1963

Question 21

What was the impact of Malcom X after his death?

Answer 21

It layed down the philosophy that violence was necessary however only in self-defence.
Leading to the black power movement.

Question 22

What was black power?

Answer 22

Slogan used by radical groups who disagreed with non-violent action.

Question 23

What was the black power movement’s aims?

Answer 23

1. Increase pride in black history and culture.
2. Make black people self-sufficient - not need help from white people.
3. Stop integration.

Question 24

3 reasons for growth of black power.

Answer 24

1. Slow progress in CR
2. Lost focus to Vietnam War
3. Ghetto conditions worsening

Question 25

What were the black panthers?

Answer 25

A black power group.

Question 26

What did the black panthers not rule out that was unlike many black power groups?

Answer 26

Working with white people who supported them.

Question 27

By 1968 how many cities had black panther groups?

Answer 27

25

Question 28

When were the black panthers set up?

Answer 28

1966

Question 29

Where were the black panthers set up?

Answer 29

California

Question 30

What 2 people set up black panthers?

Answer 30

Huey Newton
Bobby Searle

Question 31

What programme did Black Panthers have to improve black communities?

Answer 31

10-point programme