Major Psychological Disorders Flashcards
What factors cause Schizophrenia or increase the risk of being diagnosed?
- genetics
- trauma at birth
- high levels of dopamine
- hypoxemia ( low oxygen level in blood)
- excessive marijuana use in adolescent years
What factors cause depressive and bipolar disorder or increase the risk?
Depression:
- high glucose metabolism in Amygdala
- hippocampal atrophy after long duration of illness
- high levels of glucocorticoids
- decreased Norepinephrine, Serotonin and Dopamine
(No Sarah Don’t die)
Bipolar
- increased Norepinephrine and Serotonin (Now Smile intensely)
- genetics
- multiple sclerosis (damage of myelin sheaths)
What are factors that cause Alzheimer’s or increase the risk?
- older than 65 years old
- women have a higher risk than men
- genetics
- lower levels of education.
What are the factors that cause Parkinson’s disease or increase the risk?
- low levels of dopamine
- ## damaged basal ganglia
What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
- Delusions: believing in something that is not normal in society
- Delusions of reference: common elements in environment are
directed toward individual - Delusion of persecution: Paranoia
-Delusions of grandeur: believe you’re remarkable in a significant way - thought broadcasting and thought insertion
- Hallucinations
- Disorganized thought: word salad
- Disorganized behavior: need to be cared for due to Catatonia
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
-disturbance of affect: flat effect, which numbed emotions and
Inappropriate affect, which is like
laughing at a death
-Avolition: decreased in being goal oriented.
Symptoms of Major Depression episode and or disorder.
- excessive Sadness
- Appetite disturbances
- Psychomotor retardation
- Energy loss
- Sleep disturbancesAnd
- Concentrating less
- Interest decreased
- Guilt
- Suicidal thoughts
Symptoms of a Manic episode.
- Distractibility
- Insomnia
- Grandiosity
- Flight of ideas
- Agitation
- Speech (pressured)
- Thoughtlessness
What is the difference between bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder?
1: has a manic episode with or without a depressive episode.
2: has hypomania, a less severe mania. Only occurs with at least on depressive episode
General Anxiety disorder
Persistent worrying about many things
Social Anxiety disorder.
Fear about being put into social situations.
Agoraphobia
A specific phobia about being in places or situations where it is hard to escape.
Panic disorder
Panic attacks from fear or apprehension
Obsessive-compulsive disorder. What disorder is an example of OCD
It is an Ego-Dsyntonic disorder.(sees disorder as a curse)
And it is characterized by the an obsession (persistent and intrusive thoughts)
and “Solve” the obsession with compulsion (an act to relieve the thoughts)
Ex: Body dysmorphic disorder
Obsession: think noise is really ugly or body is to fat
Compulsion: plastic surgeries or starvation
Dissociative Amnesia
Unable to remember a tragic past or experience.
