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Vertebrate Morphology > Major Cranial Elements In Craniata > Flashcards

Major Cranial Elements In Craniata Flashcards

1
Q

Dermatocranium in lampreys and hagfishes

A

Absent

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2
Q

Palatoquadrate in lampreys and hagfishes

A

Ancestrally absent

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3
Q

Meckel’s cartilage in lampreys and hagfishes

A

Ancestrally absent

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4
Q

Hyomandibula in lampreys and hagfishes

A

Ancestrally absent

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5
Q

Ceratohyal and basihyal in lampreys and hagfishes

A

Ancestrally absent

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6
Q

Branchial arches in lampreys and hagfishes

A

Parts of the branchial basket for gill support

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7
Q

Chondrocranium in Chondrichthyes

A

Cartilaginous

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8
Q

Dermatocranium in Chondrichthyes

A

Absent

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9
Q

Palatoquadrate in Chondrichthyes

A

Remains cartilaginous as upper jaw

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10
Q

Meckel’s cartilage in Chondrichthyes

A

Remains cartilaginous as lower jaw

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11
Q

Hyomandibula in Chondrichthyes

A

Remains cartilaginous as jaw supports

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12
Q

Ceratohyal and basihyal in Chondrichthyes

A

Remain cartilaginous as jaw supports

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13
Q

Branchial arches in Chondrichthyes

A

Gill supports

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14
Q

Chondrocranium in Pulmovertebrata

A

Variably ossified

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15
Q

Dermatocranium in Pulmovertebrata

A

Present

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16
Q

Palatoquadrate in Pulmovertebrata

A

Ossifies as quadrate and other bones

17
Q

Meckel’s cartilage in Pulmovertebrata

A

Caudal end ossifies as articular bone; vestige of cranial end may remain

18
Q

Hyomandibula in Pulmovertebrata

A

Ossifies as jaw support

19
Q

Ceratohyal and basihyal in Pulmovertebrata

A

Ossify as jaw supports

20
Q

Branchial arches in Pulmovertebrata

A

Gill supports

21
Q

Chondrocranium in Tetrapoda

A

Variably ossified

22
Q

Dermatocranium in Tetrapoda

23
Q

Palatoquadrate in Tetrapoda

A

Ossifies as quadrate; also epipterygoid in some

24
Q

Meckel’s cartilage in Tetrapoda

A

Caudal end ossifies as articular bone; vestige of cranial end may remain

25
Hyomandibula in Tetrapoda
Ossifies as stapes
26
Ceratohyal and basihyal in Tetrapoda
Ossify as part of hyoid apparatus for tongue support
27
Branchial arches in Tetrapoda
Contribute to hyoid apparatus, larynx, and tracheal cartilages
28
Chondrocranium in Mammalia
Variably ossified
29
Dermatocranium in Mammalia
Present
30
Palatoquadrate in Mammalia
Ossifies as incus
31
Meckel's cartilage in Mammalia
Caudal end ossifies as malleus
32
Hyomandibula in Mammalia
Ossifies as stapes
33
Ceratohyal and basihyal in Mammalia
Ossify as part of hyoid apparatus for tongue support
34
Branchial arches in Mammalia
Contribute to hyoid apparatus, larynx, and tracheal cartilage
35
Chondrocranium in lampreys and hagfishes
Cartilaginous

Vertebrate Morphology (26 decks)

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