Integument Flashcards
Functions of the integument
- Protection
- Communication
- Gas exchange
- Sensory reception
- Thermoregulation
- Others
A stratified epithelium active in cell division that produces keratin
Epidermis
Epidermal layer unique to tetrapods
Stratum corneum
A fibrous c.t. below the epidermis
Dermis
Ectodermal derivatives that form from epidermal epithelia.
Integumentary glands
Glands that produce mucus
Mucous glands
A gland that is unicellular in fishes
Mucous gland
A gland that is multicellular in amphibians
Mucous glands
Glands that are lost in amniotes
Mucous glands, poison glands
Produces thick, oily secretions
Oil glands
Produces Sebum
Sebaceous gland (mammals only)
Produces wax-like substance
Urpygial gland (birds only)
Produces watery secretions
Eccrine sweat gland (mammals only) ; merocrine secretion
Produces thick, scented secretions
Apocrine sweat glands (mammals only)
The covering of an organism
The integument
Tetrapod synapomorphy, a layer of dead cells packed with keratin
Stratum corneum
Layer of cells that replace those at the free surface
Stratum germinativum
Process by which surface cells are created
Cells flatten, keratin accumulated and released via exocytosis to create layers of dead cells in keratin matrix.
Occur only in amniotes, keratinized epidermal structure
Epidermal scales
Unique to mammals, an ingrowth of epidermis into dermis
Hair
Hair is homologous to
Hinge region of scales
Layers of dermal armor
Enamel, denticulate layer, dentine, bone
Derived from dermal armor, synapomorphy of Gnathostomata
Denticulate scales
Soft derivative of dermal armor
Dermis
