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LECOM anatomy > major clinical: thorax > Flashcards

major clinical: thorax Flashcards

1
Q

dermatome around nipple

A

T4

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2
Q

vertebral level at inferior angle of scapula

A

TV7

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3
Q

structure that lies immediately posterior to manubrium

A

thymus

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4
Q

rib related to oblique fissure of lung posteriorly

A

2nd

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5
Q

rib paralleled by horizontal fissure of right lung

A

4th

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6
Q

inferior extent of lung at midclavicular line

A

6th rib

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7
Q

inferior extent of pleura at midclavicular line

A

8th rib

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8
Q

inferior extent of lung at midaxillary line

A

8th rib

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9
Q

inferior extent of pleura at midaxillary line

A

10th rib

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10
Q

inferior extent of lung posteriorly

A

10th rib

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11
Q

inferior extent of pleura posteriorly

A

12th rib

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12
Q

innervation of costal pleura

A

intercostal nerve

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13
Q

innervation of mediastinal pleura

A

phrenic nerve

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14
Q

site for auscultation of pulmonary valve

A

left 2nd interspace

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15
Q

site for auscultation of aortic valve

A

right 2nd interspace

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16
Q

site for auscultation of tricuspid valve

A

xiphisternal joint

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17
Q

site for auscultation of mitral valve

A

left 5th interspace, midclavicular line

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18
Q

heart chamber with greatest sternocostal projection

A

right ventricle

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19
Q

chamber that forms apex of heart

A

left ventricle

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20
Q

major chamber that contains moderator band

A

left atrium

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21
Q

artery that determines coronary dominance

A

posterior interventricular

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22
Q

usual origin of SA and AV nodal arteries

A

right coronary artery

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23
Q

location of SA node

A

cristae terminalis

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24
Q

major vessel that drains the musculature of the heart

A

coronary sinus

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25
Q

innervation of fibrous pericardium

A

phrenic nerve

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26
Q

most common cause of systolic ejection murmur

A

aortic stenosis

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27
Q

rib associated with sternal angle

A

second rib

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28
Q

vertebral level associated with sternal angle

A

disc between TV4-5

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29
Q

location of ductus arteriosus

A

between left pulmonary artery and aorta

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30
Q

nerve potentially injured with repair of patent ductus arteriosus

A

left recurrent laryngeal nerve

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31
Q

veins that unite to form brachiocephalic

A

subclavian and internal jugular

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32
Q

veins that unite to form SVC

A

right and left brachiocephalic

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33
Q

termination of azygos vein

A

SVC

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34
Q

structures that lie to right and left of thoracic duct

A

azygos veins, aorta

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35
Q

spinal levels of greater splanchnic nerve

36
Q

spinal levels of lesser splanchnic nerve

37
Q

spinal levels of least splanchnic nerve

38
Q

thoracic structures that can compress the esophagus

A

left bronchus, aorta and diaphragm

39
Q

disease often associated with thymoma

A

myasthenia gravis

40
Q

what is the depression of the sternum; funnel chest

A

precuts excavatum

41
Q

what is an anterior protrusion of the sternum; pigeon chest

A

precuts carinatum

42
Q

what is the dermatome of the xiphoid

43
Q

what root ganglion does herpes zoster effect

A

posterior root ganglion

44
Q

where is an intercostal nerve block performed

A

between internal and innermost intercostal nerves

45
Q

where does the vast majority of lymph from the breast direct towards

A

axillary nodes

46
Q

where is lymph from the skin of the breast direct to

A

axillary, inferior deep cervical, infraclavicular and parasternal nodes

47
Q

accumulation of fluid in the pleural sac

A

pleural effusion

48
Q

signs/symptoms of spontaneous pneumothorax

A

acute onset of chest pain, shortness of breath, decreased breath sounds

49
Q

what is blood in the pleural space

A

hemophenuothorax

50
Q

what is lymph in the pleural space

A

chylothorax

51
Q

what is pus with air in the thorax

A

pyopneumothorax

52
Q

what is in the thorax without air

53
Q

what is inflammation of the pleura

54
Q

what rib is the oblique fissure of the scapular line at

55
Q

what rib is the oblique fissure of the midaxillary line at

56
Q

what rib is the oblique fissure of the midclavicular line at

57
Q

what rib is the oblique horizontal fissure of the midaxillary line at

58
Q

what rib is the oblique horizontal fissure of the midclavicular line at

59
Q

what rib should the stethoscope be placed along the anterior chest wall in the left side

60
Q

what rib should the stethoscope be placed along the anterior chest wall in the right side

61
Q

where is thoracocentesis most commonly done at

A

8th or 9th intercostal space near the midaxillary line

62
Q

what is removal of fluid from the pleural space

A

thoracocentesis

63
Q

where does the right lung lymph drain

A

tracheobronchial nodes to the right paratracheal

64
Q

where does the left superior lobe of the lung lymph drain

A

superior tracheobronchial nodes to the left paratracheal

65
Q

where does the left inferior lobe of the lung lymph drain

A

inferior tracheobronchial nodes to the Right paratracheal

66
Q

what is collapse of lung or lobe resulting from blockage of the airway

A

atelectasis

67
Q

what is it called when the tumor of the lung apex affects the cervical sympathetic chain

A

horner syndrome

68
Q

what is a term that means difficulty breathing

69
Q

what is the left border of the cardiac silhouette

A

aortic arch, pulmonary trunk, left auricle, left ventricle

70
Q

what is the right border of the cardiac silhouette

A

right brachiocephalic vein, SVC, right atrium and IVC

71
Q

what is accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space

A

pericardial effusion

72
Q

what is compression of the heart from accumulated fluid in the pericardiac sac

A

cardiac tamponade

73
Q

what is the anterior-superior 2/3 of the IV septum’s arterial supply

A

left coronary artery

74
Q

what is the posterior-inferior 1/3 of the IV septum’s arterial supply

A

right coronary artery

75
Q

what are the most common sites of occlusion in the coronary artery

A

anterior inter ventricular (LAD=widow maker), right coronary artery, left circumflex

76
Q

what is chest pain from the heart resulting from insufficient supply of oxygen to cardiac muscle

A

angina pectoris

77
Q

where is the tricuspid valve best heard

A

5th intercostal space just lateral to the sternum on the left side of the body

78
Q

where is the aortic valve best heard

A

2nd intercostal space just lateral to the sternum on the right side of the body

79
Q

where is the mitral valve best heard

A

5th intercostal space at midclavicular line, on the left side of the body

80
Q

where is the pulmonary valve best heard

A

2nd intercostal space just lateral to the sternum on the left side of the body

81
Q

what three points is the aorta fixed at

A

aortic valve, ligamentum arteriosum, aortic hiatus

82
Q

what can occur when there is fractures between the head and tubercle or posterior discoloration of ribs 6-9 that can lead to impingement or lacerate the descending aorta

A

exsanguination

83
Q

what type of muscle is in the upper, middle and lower 1/3 of the esophagus

A

upper is skeletal, middle is mixed, and lower is smooth

84
Q

where does the cervical esophagus lymph drain

A

deep cervical and/or paratracheal

85
Q

where does the thoracic esophagus lymph drain

A

posterior mediastinal

86
Q

where does the abdominal esophagus lymph drain

A

left gastric, celiac

LECOM anatomy (20 decks)

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