lect 5-7 abdomen (stomach & small intestine [duodenum, jejunum, and ileum]) Flashcards
what is the chief function of the stomach
enzymatic digestion
what intercostal space level does the superior part of the fundus typically reach
left 5th intercostal space
what indicates the junction of the body and pyloric part of the stomach
angular incisure
what forms the longer convex border of the stomach
greater curvature
what is the stomach related to anteriorly
diaphragm, left lobe of liver, anterior abdominal wall
what is the stomach related to posteriorly
OMENTAL bursa and pancreas
what direction do pancreatic pseudo-cysts and abscesses in the mental bursa push the stomach
anteriorly
what type of hernia is a protrusion of part of the stomach into the mediastinum through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm
hiatal hernia
what type of hernia occurs when the cardia remains in normal position but a pouch of peritoneum that contains part of the fundus extends through the esophageal hiatus anterior to the esophagus
paraesophageal hiatal hernia
what arteries supply the lesser curvature of the stomach
right and left gastric
what arteries supply the greater curvature of the stomach
right and left gastroomental arteries
what do the fundus and upper body of the stomach receive blood from
short and posterior gastric arteries
where do the gastric veins drain into
portal vein
where does lymph from the superior 2/3 of the stomach drain
gastric lymph nodes
what region of the stomach typically is affected by cancer
pyloric region
where do all gastric lymph nodes eventually drain
celiac lymph nodes
where is visceral referred pain from a gastric ulcer referred to
epigastric region
what level of spinal sensory ganglia do the pain afferents of the stomach arise from
T7 and T8
what vertebral level and costal cartilage does the cardiac orifice of the stomach occur
6th left costal cartilage and T11 vertebra
what rib does the fundus of the stomach typically lie posterior to
6th rib
what vertebral level does the duodenojejunal junction typically occur
left side of L2
where does the superior/first part of the duodenum lie in relation to vertebra
lies anterolateral to body of L1 vertebra
what vertebral level does the horizontal duodenum occur
L3
what is the free part of the duodenum
ampulla
what is the superior part of the duodenum overlapped by
liver and gallbladder
describe the peritoneality of the descending part of the duodenum
retroperitoneal
what is the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery a branch of
superior mesenteric artery
what artery do the pyloric lymph nodes lie along
gastroduodenal artery
where do efferent lymphatic vessels from the duodenal lymph nodes drain into
celiac lymph nodes
where do most duodenal ulcers occur
posterior wall of superior part of duodenum
which part of the small intestine has abundant MALT/ payer’s patches
ileum
what is the fan-shaped fold of peritoneum that attaches the jejunum and ileum to the posterior abdominal wall
The mesentery
what artery supplies the jejunum and ileum
superior mesentery artery
what are the specialized lymphatic vessels in the intestinal villi that absorb fat
lacteals
where do the sympathetic fibers in the nerves to the jejunum and ileum originate
T8-T10 segments of the spinal cord
where do the parasympathetic fibers in the nerves to the jejunum and ileum derive from
posterior vagal trunks
what does parasympathetic and sympathetic stimulation do to the motility of the intestine and secretion
parasympathetic increases it and sympathetic decreases it
where does pain arising from the foregut derivatives localize
epigastric region
where does pain arising from midgut derivatives localize
periumbilical region
where does pain arising from the hindgut derivatives localize
hypogastric region
what does malrotation of the midgut result in
several congenital anomalies such as volvulus of the intestine
what is ileus often accompanied b
severe colicky pain, abdominal distension, vomiting and often fever and dehydration
what embryological remnant occurs with ill diverticulum
proximal part of embryonic yolk stalk
where do ileal diverticulum always occur
at site of attachment of the yolk stalk on the anti mesenteric border of the ileum
