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LECOM anatomy > lect 6 and 7 pelvis (reproductive organs-male & female?) > Flashcards

lect 6 and 7 pelvis (reproductive organs-male & female?) Flashcards

1
Q

which testes typically hangs more inferior

A

left

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2
Q

what is the tough fibrous outer surface of the testes

A

tunica albuginea

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3
Q

what does the tunica albuginea thicken into as a ridge on its internal, posterior aspect

A

mediastinum of testis

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4
Q

where are sperm produced

A

seminiferous tubules

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5
Q

what is the network of canals in the mediastinum of the testis

A

rete testis

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6
Q

what is the closed peritoneal sac that is partially surrounding the testis, representing the closed-off distal part of the embryonic processes vaginalis

A

tunica vaginalis

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7
Q

what is the visceral layer of the tunica vaginalis closely applied to

A

testis, epididymis, and inferior part of the ductus deferens

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8
Q

where do the testicular arteries arise from

A

anterolateral aspect of the abdominal aorta just inferior to the renal arteries

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9
Q

what do the veins emerging from the testis and epididymis form

A

the pampiniform venous plexus

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10
Q

what does the ductus deferens continue from

A

epididymal duct

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11
Q

where does the spermatic cord begin

A

deep to the inguinal ring lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels

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12
Q

where does the spermatic cord end

A

in the scrotum at the posterior border of the testis

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13
Q

where does the fascial coverings surrounding the spermatic cord derive from

A

anterolateral abdominal wall

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14
Q

what is the internal spermatic fascia derived from

A

transversals fascia

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15
Q

what is the cremasteric fascia derived from

A

fascia of both the superficial and deep surfaces of the internal oblique muscle

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16
Q

what is the external spermatic fascia derived from

A

external oblique aponeurosis and its investing fascia

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17
Q

what muscle reflexively draws the testis superiorly into the scrotum, especially in response to cold

A

cremaster muscle

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18
Q

what is the cremaster muscle innervated by

A

genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

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19
Q

what does the cremasteric artery arise from

A

inferior epigastric artery

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20
Q

what externally demarcates the septum of the scrotum

A

scrotal raphe

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21
Q

what is the dartos fascia continuous with

A

anteriorly with scarpa fascia and posteriorly with collet fascia

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22
Q

what is the membraneous layer of subcutaneous tissue of the perineum

A

colles fascia

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23
Q

what does the scrotum develop from

A

labioscrotal swellings

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24
Q

what is the disorder called when the testis has not descending or retracted

A

cryptorchidism

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25
Q

where do undescended testes typically lie

A

in the inguinal canal

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26
Q

what is the presence of excess fluid in a persistent processes vaginalis

A

hydrocele

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27
Q

what is hydrocele often associated with

A

indirect inguinal hernia

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28
Q

what is a collection of blood in the tunica vaginalis

A

hematocele of the testes

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29
Q

what is a retention cyst in the epididymis, usually located near the head

A

spermatocele

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30
Q

what is a vesicular remnant of the cranial end of the paramesonephric duct

A

appendix of the testis

31
Q

what side of the body do varicoceles typically occur

A

left side (because the acute angle at which the right vein enters the IVC is favorable to the angle at which the left testicular vein enters the left renal vein)

32
Q

where does cancer of the testis typically originate

A

retroperitoneal lumbar lymph nodes

33
Q

where does cancer of the scrotum typically originate

A

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

34
Q

what is the primary component of the spermatic cord

A

ductus deferens

35
Q

how does the ductus deferens penetrate the anterior abdominal wall

A

via the inguinal canal

36
Q

how does the ductus deferens end

A

by joining the duct of the seminal gland to form the ejaculatory duct

37
Q

where do most veins of the ductus deferens drain

A

testicular vein

38
Q

where do lymphatics of the ductus deferens end

A

external iliac lymph nodes

39
Q

where is the seminal gland/vesicle located

A

between the fundus of the bladder and the rectum

40
Q

what 2 things join to form the ejaculatory duct

A

the duct of the seminal gland and the the ductus deferens

41
Q

where do the ejaculatory ducts arise

A

near the neck of the bladder

42
Q

where do the lymphatic vessels of the ejaculatory ducts drain

A

into the external iliac lymph nodes

43
Q

what is the largest accessory gland of the male reproductive system

A

prostate

44
Q

what is the posterior surface of the prostate related to

A

ampulla of rectum

45
Q

what is the inferolateral surfaces of the prostate related to

A

levator ani

46
Q

what do the prostatic arteries mainly branch from

A

internal iliac artery

47
Q

where do the lymphatics of the prostate chiefly drain

A

internal iliac lymph nodes

48
Q

what lobe of the prostate typically enlarges the most with hypertrophy of the prostate

A

middle lobe

49
Q

what does benign hypertrophy of the prostate (BHP) typically cause as a result

A

urethral obstruction leading to nocturne, dysuria, and urgency

50
Q

what do the female internal genital organs include

A

vagina, uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries

51
Q

what does the superior end of the vagina surround

A

cervix

52
Q

what is the vagina related to anteriorly

A

fundus of the urinary bladder and urethra

53
Q

what is the vagina related to laterally

A

levator ani, visceral pelvic fascia, and ureters

54
Q

what is the vagina related to posteriorly

A

anal canal, rectum and rectouterine pouch

55
Q

what are the arteries supplying the superior part of the vagina derived from

A

uterine arteries

56
Q

what are the arteries supplying the middle and inferior parts of the vagina derived from

A

vaginal and internal pudenal arteries

57
Q

where does lymph from the superior part of the vagina drain

A

to the internal and external iliac lymph nodes

58
Q

where does lymph from the middle part of the vagina drain

A

to the internal iliac lymph nodes

59
Q

where does lymph from the inferior part of the vagina drain

A

to the sacral and common iliac nodes

60
Q

where does lymph from the external orifice of the vagina drain

A

to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes

61
Q

when may fecal matter be discharged from the vagina

A

when there is a rectovaginal fistula

62
Q

what is an incision made through the posterior part of the vaginal fornix in order to drain a pelvic abscess in the rectouterine pouch

A

culdocentesis

63
Q

what is the position of the normal adult uterus

A

anteverted and anteflexed

64
Q

what 2 main parts can the uterus be divided into typically

A

body and cervix

65
Q

what does the uterine cavity continue as inferiorly

A

fusiform cervical canal

66
Q

what contraction can lead to cramping during menstrual periods

A

myometrial contraction

67
Q

what layer does the blastocyst implant in

A

endometrium

68
Q

what are the adult remnants of the ovarian gubernaculum

A

ligament of the ovary and round ligament

69
Q

in what mesentery do the uterine tubes lie

A

mesosalpinx

70
Q

what mesentery do the ovaries lie within

A

mesovarium

71
Q

what provides dynamic support of the uterus

A

pelvic diaphragm

72
Q

what happens to the uterus when intra-abdominal pressure is increased

A

the uterus is pressed against the bladder

73
Q

what provides passive support to the cervix, making it the least mobile part of the uterus

A

condensations of endopelvic fascia (ligaments)

LECOM anatomy (20 decks)

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