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LECOM anatomy > lect 1 & 2 pelvis (peritoneum, muscles, diaphragm) > Flashcards

lect 1 & 2 pelvis (peritoneum, muscles, diaphragm) Flashcards

1
Q

what is another name for the greater pelvis

A

false pelvis

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2
Q

what are the 2 parts of the lesser pelvis

A

pelvic diaphragm and perineum

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3
Q

what are the 2 main functions of the pelvic girdle

A

bear the weight of the upper body and locomotion

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4
Q

what unites the 3 hip bones in infants and children

A

triradiate cartilage

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5
Q

when do the ilium, ischium and pubis fuse

A

after puberty

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6
Q

what forms the iliac fossa

A

the anteromedial concave surface of the ala

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7
Q

what is the concavity between the ischial spine and the ischial tuberosity

A

lesser sciatic notch

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8
Q

what bone is the pecten pubis/pecitneal line of pubis part of

A

lateral part of the superior pubic ramus

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9
Q

what divides the greater and lesser pelves

A

oblique plane of the pelvic inlet

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10
Q

what is another name for the pelvic inlet

A

superior pelvic aperture

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11
Q

what defines the subpubic angle

A

the inferior borders of the ischiopubic rami

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12
Q

what is the pelvic outlet bounded by anteriorly

A

pubic arch

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13
Q

what is the pelvic outlet bounded by laterally

A

ischial tuberosities

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14
Q

what is the pelvic outlet bounded by posteriorly

A

tip of coccyx

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15
Q

what is the lesser pelvis between

A

pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet

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16
Q

what forms the floor of the true pelvic cavity

A

concave superior surface of the musculofascial pelvic diaphragm

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17
Q

what forms the roof of the perineum

A

convex inferior surface of the pelvic diaphragm

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18
Q

where is the sacral promontory located in reference to the center of the pelvic outlet with a median view

A

located directly superior to the center of the pelvic outlet

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19
Q

compare the pelvic inlet and outlet in males and females

A

it is wider, shallower and larger in females than males

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20
Q

compare the subpubic angle in females and males

A

females is nearly a right angle; males is approximately 60 degrees

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21
Q

compare the greater pelvis in female and male

A

it is deep in male and shallow in female

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22
Q

compare the shape of the pelvic inlet in genders

A

heart-shaped and narrow in male; oval and rounded and wide in female

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23
Q

compare the acetabulum size in males and females

A

large in male and small in female

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24
Q

what pelvic types are most common in males

A

android and anthropoid

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25
Q

what is the normal pelvic type in females

A

gynecoid

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26
Q

what pelvic shape in white females causes issues with vaginal delivery

A

android

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27
Q

what pelvic shape in black females causes issues with vaginal delivery

A

anthropoid

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28
Q

what is the narrowest fixed distance through which a baby’s head must fit through

A

AP diameter of lesser pelvis

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29
Q

what should the length of the true conjugate be for safe delivery

A

greater than 11cm

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30
Q

what type of compression occurs with crash accident of pelvis

A

anteroposterior compression of pelvis

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31
Q

what occurs when the pelvis is compressed laterally

A

the acetabula and ilia are squeezed toward each other and may be broken

32
Q

what are the weak areas of the pelvis where fractures typically occur

A

pubic rami, acetabula, region of sacroiliac joints and alae of ilium

33
Q

what fractures of the pelvis are fairly common and complicated due to their relationship with the urinary bladder and urethra

A

pubo-obturator area

34
Q

what are the primary joints of the pelvic girdle

A

sacroiliac joints and pubic symphysis

35
Q

compare the anterior and posterior portions of the sacroiliac joints

A

anterior is synovial; posterior is syndesmosis

36
Q

what ligament divides the greater and lesser foramina

A

sacrospinous ligament

37
Q

what type of joint is the pubic symphysis

A

secondary cartilaginous joint

38
Q

compare the interpubic disc in males to females

A

it is generally wider in women

39
Q

what is degenerative osteoarthritis in vertebra

A

spondylosis

40
Q

what is inflammation of vertebrae

A

spondylitis

41
Q

what is spondylolysis usually caused by

A

a stress fracture

42
Q

what is displacement of a vertebra in relation to the vertebra below

A

spondylolisthesis

43
Q

where is the most common place for spondylolysis to occur

A

between L5 and S1 vertebrae

44
Q

what type of joint is then sacrococcygeal joint

A

secondary cartilaginous joint

45
Q

what is the medical term for pain in the coccyx

A

coccydynia

46
Q

what diameter remains unaffected by relaxin and pregnancy

A

true (conjugate) diameter between the sacral promontory and the posterosuperior aspect of the pubic symphysis

47
Q

what is the pelvic cavity limited by inferiorly

A

musculofascial pelvic diaphragm

48
Q

what is the pelvic cavity bounded by posteriorly

A

coccyx and inferior most sacrum

49
Q

what is the anteroinferior pelvic wall formed primarily by

A

bodies and rami o pubic bones and the pubic symphysis

50
Q

what is the boundary between the pelvis and the perineum

A

pelvic diaphragm

51
Q

where do the piriformis muscles arise

A

from the superior sacrum, lateral to its pelvic foramen

52
Q

what muscle arise from the lateral aspects of the inferior sacrum and coccyx

53
Q

what is the largest and most important part of the pelvic floor

A

levator ani

54
Q

what are the 3 parts of the Levator ani

A

puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus

55
Q

what are the subdivisions of the pubococcygeus

A

puboprostaticus, puboperinealis, pubo-analis

56
Q

what part of the Levator ani plays a particularly important role in maintaining fecal continence

A

puborectalis

57
Q

what muscle is torn most often during childbirth

A

pubococcygeus

58
Q

what do the reflects from the bladder roof onto body of uterus form

A

vesico-uterine pouch

59
Q

what demarcates the lateral boundaries of the pararectal fossae

A

rectouterine folds formed by underlying fascial ligaments

60
Q

what is the peritoneality of the recto-sigmoid junction

A

intraperitoneal

61
Q

what is the pelvic viscera a continuation of

A

endoabdominal fascia

62
Q

what is the parietal pelvic fascia continuous with superiorly

A

transversalis and iliopsoas fascias

63
Q

what is the anteriormost part of the tendinous arch of pelvic fascia in men and women

A

puboprostatic ligament in male; pubovesical ligament in females

64
Q

what ligament of the bladder conveys the superior vesical arteries and veins

65
Q

what does the posterior most lamina that passes to the rectum convey

A

the middle rectal artery and vein

66
Q

what is another name for the transverse cervical/cardinal ligament in females

A

lateral cervical or mackenrodt ligament

67
Q

what provides the main passive support to the uterus

A

transverse cervical ligament

68
Q

what provides dynamic support to the uterus

A

perineal muscles

69
Q

what ligaments connect the rectum to the parietal pelvic fascia at the S2-S4 levels

A

lateral rectal ligaments

70
Q

what is embedded in the lateral rectal ligaments

A

middle rectal arteries and rectal nerve plexuses

71
Q

what are the unpaired arteries of the lesser pelvis

A

median sacral and superior rectal arteries

72
Q

what vertebral level does the common iliac bifurcate

A

between L5 and S1 vertebrae

73
Q

what is the principal artery of the pelvis

A

internal iliac

74
Q

what artery supplies the fundus of the urinary bladder

A

superior rectal artery

75
Q

what does the artery to the ductus deferens typically branch off of

A

superior vesical artery

LECOM anatomy (20 decks)

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