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► Food & Nutrition 1 > Magnesium > Flashcards

Magnesium Flashcards

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1
Q

over 60% of mg in the body is located in the____

25% is located in the___

A

bones

muscle

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2
Q

sources

A

nuts seeds, legumes, whole grains, corn, carrots, black strap molasses, dairy, chocolate, cocoa, tea, coffee

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3
Q

magnesium is absorbed in the ____

A

small intestine (primarily in the distal jejunum and ileum)

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4
Q

magnesium can be absorbed by ___ pathways

A

2

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5
Q

a saturable carrier mediated active traansporter helps absorb magnesium when intake is ___, this route is stimulated by____

A

low

vitamin D

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6
Q

passive diffusion helps absorb magnesium when intake is___

A

highe

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7
Q

factors that enhance magnesium absorption

A

vitamin d

simple sugars

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8
Q

factors that inhibit magnesium absorption

A

phytates
fiber
excesive unabsorbed fatty acids
minerals- Ca and K

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9
Q

magnesium is transported in the blood in what three forms

A

free ionized
bound to protein
complexed with other ions

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10
Q

PTH _____ plasma concentration of Mg

A

increases

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11
Q

how does PTH increase plasma concentrations of Mg

A

increases intestinal absorption
decreases renal excretion
enhances bone resorption

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12
Q

functions of magnesium

A

energy production
structural role
ion transport across membranes
cell signalling

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13
Q

magnesium participates as a cofactor in all aspects of energy metabolism including

A

glycolysis
beta-oxidation
TCA cycle

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14
Q

____exists primarily as a complex with Mg

A

ATP

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15
Q

60% of the magnesium in the body is associated with ___ and ___ as part of the bone crystal matrix

A

calcium

phosphorous

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16
Q

magnesium is required for the active transport of ions including ____ and ____ across cell membranes

A

potassium

calcium

17
Q

magnesium affects the conduction of

A

nerve impulses
muscle contraction
blood vessel dilation
normal heart rhythm

18
Q

cell signaling requires Mg-ATP for the phosphorylation of proeins and the formation of the cell signaling molecule _____

A

cAMP

19
Q

cAMP is involved in the secretion of ___ from the parathyroid gland

A

PTH

20
Q

Mg is excreted primarily in the

A

urine and feces

21
Q

True or False, magnesium cannot be lost in perspiration

A

False

22
Q

conditions increase the risk of magnesium deficiency

A

malabsorption syndromes
renal disorders
chronic alcoholism
elderly

23
Q

S&S of deficiency

A 
hypomagnesemia
hypocalcemia, hypokalemia
retention of Na
low PTH
mm tremor, spasm, cramps, tetany
chest tightness, SOB
palp and cardiac arrhyth
loss of appetite, n/v
anxiety, panic, depression, fatigue, insomnia
24
Q

clinical indications for Mg supplementation

A

hypertension

migraine headaches

25
Q

_____ is a relatively common dose-related side effect of Mg supplementation

A

diarrhea

26
Q

individuals with _____ are at higher risk for adverse effects from excess supplemental mg intake

A

renal impairment

27
Q

hypermagnesemia results in_____

A

hypotension

28
Q

severe hypermagnesemia may result in _____

A

cardiac arrest

29
Q

CI of Mg

A 
hypermagenesemia
end stage renal dz
myasthenia gravis
UTI
* caution with hyperparathyroidsism
30
Q

high ___ intake may decrease tissue levels of mg

A

calcium

31
Q

magnesium is needed for ____ secretion

A

PTH

32
Q

high levels of ____ inhibit release of PTH

A

Mg

33
Q

hydroxylation of _____ in the liver requires Mg

A

Vit D

34
Q

magnesium is essential for the cellular uptake of ___ from the blood

A

potassium

35
Q

high doses of ____ in supplemental form interfere with the absorption of mg

A

zinc

36
Q

____ increases the cellular uptake of MG

A

vitamin b6

37
Q

large doses of ____ may increase the need for magnesium

A

thiamine

► Food & Nutrition 1 (21 decks)

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