Macronutrients - Lipids Flashcards
What are lipids?
A concentrated source of energy for the body.
What do lipids help in?
They help in the absorption of vitamins.
What are lipids main components of?
All cell membranes.
What is another function of lipids?
Insulation
What do lipids include?
Certain hormones (sex)
What else do lipids include?
Fats and oils.
What is one type of lipid made up of?
Three fatty acids joined to a glycerol molecule.
What is the type of a lipid where three fatty acids are joined to a glycerol molecule called?
A triglyceride
What are two types of triglycerides?
Saturated and unsaturated.
What are characteristics and examples of saturated lipids? Are they good or bad?
- They are usually solid at room temperature.
- Examples include meat and butter.
- They are bad.
What are characteristics and examples of unsaturated lipids? Are they good or bad?
- They are usually liquid at room temperature
- Examples include oils.
- They are good.
What does the structure of a triglyceride look like?
3 CHO molecules with each O molecule attached to a carbon hydrogen chain made up of Carbon and oxygen molecules.
What are essential fatty acids not produced by? Are they necessary?
- They are not produced by the body.
- They are necessary.
What is an example of an essential fatty acid?
Omega-3 fatty acids.
Where are essential fatty acids found?
In unsaturated lipids.
What do essential fatty acids prevent?
Heart disease and arthritis.
What are foods where essential fatty acids found?
In oily fish, nuts, seeds, and leafy greens.
What do steroids include?
The sex hormones (testosterone and estrogen).
What else do steroids include?
The hormone, cholesterol.
What is a key component of all animal cell membranes?
Steroids
Are steroids good or bad?
Steroids are both good and bad.
What are three examples of lipids?
Triglycerides, Essential fatty acids and steroids.
How much should lipids constitute no more than energy intake?
They should constitute no more than 30% of energy intake.
What can the excessive consumption of lipids lead to?
It can cause severe health problems (heart disease and obesity).
What type of fat is particularly a problem?
Trans fats
What are trans fats?
A type of unsaturated fat, but behaves like saturated fats.
What do trans fats do?
Raise bad cholesterol levels and lower good levels.
