M7: Cell Modification Flashcards
Cells whose structure are modified or change after cell division.
Cell Modifications
APICAL
- c____
- f_________
- m__________
- s____________
cilia
flagella
microvilli
stereocilia
ensures cells can be able to function well.
Modifications
Found at the top of a cell
apical
Found at the base of a cell
BASAL
BASAL
- basal l______
- basal i____________
- H______________
basal lamina
basal infoldings
hemidesmosomes
Found at the side of a cell
LATERAL
LATERAL
- T_______ j_________
- g____ j_________
- D__________
tight junction
gap junction
desmosomes
Hairlike structure
Short, tapers distally
Cilia
Attached at the apex of columnar epithelium
Cilia
Mostly found in eukaryotic cells
Cilia
motile: able to move
Cilia
is an apical modification that has a sweeping movement
Cilia
In Humans, Commonly seen in the respiratory and urinary tubes
Cilia
Finger -like structure
Microvilli
Extremely thin and short
Microvilli
Non - motile
Microvilli
Function: absorption of materials
Microvilli
Attached to columnar epithelial cells found most commonly in the intestines and kidney tubules
Microvilli
Whiplike structure
Long
Flagella
Occur at one end of the cell
Flagella
Can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
Flagella
undulatory movement (can move 360 degrees or wavelike movement)
Flagella
Function: Locomotion
Flagella
Brush like
Rigid
Stereocilia
Attached to plasma membrane of epithelial cells
Stereocilia
Immobile
Stereocilia
Function: Hearing and Balance
Stereocilia
Also known as the basement membrane
Basal Lamina
It is an extracellular matrix - a large network of proteins and other molecules that surround, support, and give structures
Basal Lamina
From proteins produce by the epithelial cell
Basal Lamina
Filter blood entering the epithelial cells and acts as scaffolding of regenerating epithelial cells
Basal Lamina
It is an extracellular matrix - came from proteins produced by epithelial cell
Basal Lamina
It is an extracellular matrix - protein:collagen
Basal Lamina
also known as basal membrane
Basal Lamina
function: mediates physiological interactions (exchange of materials) between the epithelium and underlying connective tissue
Basal Lamina
avascular/nonvascular - no blood vessel attached to it
Basal Lamina
function: serves as a barrier. limiting invasion of epithelial tissue into underlying tissues
Basal Lamina
function: structural support for epithelial repair and regeneration
Basal Lamina
function: acts as a permeability filter regulating the passage of substances between epithelium and supporting tissue
Basal Lamina
Basal cell membrane thrown into folds.
Basal infoldings
the fraction of the plasma membrane at the basal side of the cell
Basal infoldings
Common in kidney tubules.
Basal infoldings
Increase the surface area where ions transport are transported.
Basal infoldings
also known as cell matrix junction
hemidesmosomes
Found between a cell and a basement membrane (attaches them)
Hemidesmosomes
function: Anchors one cell or attaches a cells extracellular filaments to the basement membrane
Hemidesmosomes
extension of exoskeletion
filaments
h______ means half
hemi
button-like spots found all around cells.
Desmosomes
hemi means half while desmosomes is a ______
whole
Connect adjacent cells.
Desmosomes
Found in high numbers in tissues that are subject to a lot of mechanical forces (muscle tissue)
Desmosomes
also known as zonula occludens
Tight Junction
Are areas where the membranes of two adjacent cells join together to form a barrier.
Tight Junction
Demarcates the apical region from the basolateral region in epithelial cells
Tight Junction
Allow the selective diffusion of ions and solutes through the intercellular space
Tight Junction
barrier for solutes
Tight Junction
pinipigilan ng _____ __________ pumasok mga extracellular fluid (ions and solutes) sa intercellular space
Tight Junction
found between all cells that are directly touching other cells.
Gap Junction
adjacent cells are connected through protein channels
Gap Junction
Allows molecules to pass from one cell to the other.
Gap Junction
This allows for cell-to-cell communication.
Gap Junction
are only found in animal cells;
Gap Junction
are connected by channels called p_________________
plasmodesmata
Are cells that differentiate or evolve after cell division.
Cell Specialization
For cells to perform a specialized function.
Cell Specialization
all cells came from s____ cell
stem
can be found in bone marrow and mostly on the ambilical cord
stem cell
life span of a stem cell is
25 years
also known as adipocytes and stores energy
fat cells
also known as myocytes and it is used for movement
muscle cells
spermatozoa and oocytes and it is for reproduction
sex cells
it includes epithelial cells
(squamos, cuboidal, columnar), also called as endothelium tissue and it is for protection
skin cell
- neurons
- neurocytes
nerve cells
bone cells
- osteob______
- osteoc_______-
- osteoc_____
- osteoblasts
- osteocytes
- osteoclasts
for structure and support
bone cells
found in very young bone
osteoblasts
found when you grow older (teens/adults)
Osteocytes
found in old people
osteoclasts
blood cells
- m_________
- l___________
- n____________
- e_________
- b__________
- ma___________
- er____________
- p_________
- monocyte
- lymphocytes
- neutrophil
- eosinophil
- basophil
- macrophage
- erythrocytes
- platelets
red blood cells
erythrocytes
for movement of oxygen around the body
blood cell
protects us from disorders/disease
blood cell
immune cells
- n__________
- eo_______
- basophil
- monocyte
- ___ cell
- ____ cell
- natural k______
- macrophage
- neutrophil
- eosinophil
- basophil
- monocyte
- t cell
- b cell
- natural killer
- macrophage