M12: Chlorophyll Flashcards
A set of chemical compounds that have an intense colour and are used in the colouring of other materials.
Biological Pigments or Biochromes
insoluble in water
appear as ground particles in solid form.
Biological Pigments or Biochromes
Found in plants and animals.
Biological Pigments or Biochromes
Where can you find this pigments?
Inside a plastid
It is a double membrane organelle found in plants and algae.
plastid
Responsible in manufacturing and storing food
plastid
TYPES OF PLASTIDS
Chlo__________
Ch_________
G______________
L_____________
Chloroplasts
Chromoplasts
Gerontoplasts
Leucoplasts
A process that capture light energy and convert it into sugars.
Photosynthesis
Begins with the absorption of light energy by a specialized form of organic molecules, pigments.
Photosynthesis
Types of Pigments in Plants
Chlorophylls
C___________
B_______________
F___________
Chlorophylls
Carotenoids
Betalains
Flavonoids
plays a vital role in the biological process, photosynthesis.
Chlorophylls
Chlorophylls
Stimulates photosynthesis by reflecting g_______ light and absorbed violet - blue and orange - red light.
green
Primary photosynthetic pigments.
Chlorophylls a and b
Contains methyl group in the third position of its chlorin ring
Chlorophyll a
Principal pigment that captures sunlight for photosynthesis
Chlorophyll a
Absorbs violet- blue and orange- red light from the spectrum
Chlorophyll a
Reflects blue green in color
Chlorophyll a
Found in all plants, algae, and cyanobacteria
Chlorophyll a
Contains an aldehyde group in the third position of its chlorin ring
Chlorophyll b
Accessory pigments that collects sunlight and passes it into Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Absorbs orange- red light from the spectrum
Chlorophyll b
Reflects yellow green in color
Chlorophyll b
Found in all plants and green algae
Chlorophyll b
found in certain photosynthetic Chromista and in some marine algae.
Chlorophyll c
found only in red algae.
Chlorophyll d
Very rare
found in golden algae.
Chlorophyll e
Common types
Carotenes and xanthophylls (e.g. lycopene)
Carotenoids
Common types
Anthocyanins, aurones, chalcones, flavonols and proanthocyanidins
Flavonoids
Common types
Betacyanins and betaxanthins
Betalains
Where they are found
In chloroplast and chromoplast of green plants (masked by chlorophyll), vegetables like carrots, mangoes, etc.
Carotenoids
Where they are found
In the cell vacuole of
common plants such as berries, eggplant, and citrus fruits. Present in certain teas, wine, and chocolate.
Flavonoids
Where they are found
In the cell vacuole of Flowers and fungi
Betalains
Examples of typical colors
Oranges, reds, yellows, pinks
Carotenoids
Examples of typical colors
Yellow, red, blue, purple
Flavonoids
Examples of typical colors
Red to violet, also yellow to orange
Betalains
capture light energy and transfer it to the chlorophyll a
Carotenoids
protect the photosynthetic system from the damaging effects of ultraviolet light.
Carotenoids
Source of vitamin A.
promote good eyesight in humans
regulates the growth and division of your cells
helps your body produce white blood cells
plays a role in remodeling bone
Carotenoids
play a role in the colors of ripening fruit
Flavonoids
provide visual cues for animal pollinators and seed dispersers to locate their targets.
Flavonoids
help in lower cholesterol levels.
utilized as dyes
use as dietary supplements in most of the food products.
Flavonoids
play an important role in attracting animals to flowers and fruit.
food colorants
Betalains
Outer and inner covering of the chloroplast.
Outer and Inner Membrane
Separate stacks of thylakoid
Stroma lamellae
Skeleton of the chloroplast
Stroma lamellae
Stacks of thylakoid
Granum
Contains the photosystem of the chloroplast
Thylakoid
Made up of pigments and proteins that absorb light energy
Chlorophyll and carotenoids
Thylakoid
Site of the light dependent phase of photosynthesis
Thylakoid
