M4 & M5 Reviewer Flashcards
was a German philosopher, counted among the main exponents of existentialism and was born on September 26, 1889, Messkrich, Schwarzwald, Germany – died Mmay 26 1976, Messkrich, West (Germany)
Martin Heidegger
Heidegger was the son of a X of the local Roman Catholic church in Messkrich, Germany
sexton
Heidegger received a X to pursue his secondary education in the neighboring town of Y
religious scholarship
Konstanz.
While in his 20’s, Heidegger studied at the University of Freiburg under X and Y
Heinrich Rickert
Edmund Husserl.
He received a doctorate in philosophy in 1913 with a dissertation on X
psychologism,
In 1915, Heidegger completed his X on the Scholastic theologian John Duns Scotus.
habilitation thesis
Heidegger’s study of classical X by Martin Luther, John Calvin, and others led to a spiritual crisis.
Protestant texts
As a lecturer at Freiburg starting in 1919, Heidegger became heir apparent to the leadership of the movement that Husserl had founded, X.
phenomenology
From Husserl, Heidegger learned the method of X, by which the inherited preconceptions of conscious phenomena are pared away in order to reveal their essence or Y
phenomenological reduction
primordial truth.
In 1923, Heidegger was appointed associate professor of philosophy at the University of X
Marburg.
Hannah Arendt (1906-75), a former student of Heidegger and one of the most important political philosophers of the 20th century, described Heidegger’s subterranean renown as being like a “X.”
rumor of a hidden king
Aristotle’s conception of X or practical wisdom helped Heidegger to define the peculiar “Y” of the human individual in terms of a set of worldly involvements and commitments.
phronesis
Being
X develops a philosophy of technology that actually addresses the blending of science and technology.
Heidegger
The essential question is to what extent does technology enslave the human race interfering with X, our potential for the revelation of Being.
Dasein
Heidegger’s The Question Concerning Technology and Other Essays focuses on X
how technology obscures the essence of Being
X helps us to better understand consciousness and Being
Technology
X define what things are and it tends to be historical. X is a useful tool to define the state of technology.
Metaphysics
The prolific use of X profoundly impacts our thinking processes. As a consequence, we tend to rely more on machines, rather than, on our own brains, to think.
technology
Heidegger discusses the concept of the world in terms of a “X” and this experience leads to a platform whereby Being can be known.
meaningful structure of experience
- The first pages of “X,” set the terms of Heidegger’s discussion. The first paragraph establishes the essay’s objective: to investigate technology in order to prepare us for a Y to it.
The Question Concerning Technology
free relationship
The orientation of technology is an issue for Heidegger.
true
Heidegger came up with a thought bubble on technology where it is a X and a Y.
means to an end
human activity
Our daily understanding of technology has unseen bumps that kept us from understanding our relationship with it.
true
Heidegger’s pursuit of the fundamental meaning of “X” leads him to an old problem in philosophy: the question of causality.
instrumentality
Even our attempts to maintain control over technology, to master it so that it doesn’t destroy us, are informed by our intrinsic conception of what technology is
false instrumental
X approaches and concerns us in whatever is, yet X characteristically conceals itself even in so doing
Being
Heidegger’s use of words is very often peculiar to himself. It is characteristically demanding and often strange to our thought.
true
According to Heidegger, language is not an X
arbitrary construct
Heidegger assumes that there is just a single meaning of Being.
false does not assume
X invokes that existentialism is for everyone.
Sartre
According to Sartre, existence X.
precedes essence
When one is choosing how to live, one is choosing for all people.
true
Sartre believes that God exists.
false does not believe
Existentialist finds the fact that God does not exist very X
distressing.
Humans are responsible for both actions and passions.
true
X is determined not by how one feels but how one acts.
Affection
Sartre was influenced by X in his early philosophical writings.
Husserl
Being to Nothingness is an essay in X.
phenomenological ontology
X is the study of Being.
Ontology
X is about perpetual consciousness.
Phenomenological
Sartre accepted Kant’s concept of noumenon.
false rejected
- Being-for-itself is incomplete and conscious of its own consciousness.
true
- Sartre is considered the father of X
Existentialist philosophy
- Unlike Heidegger, however, Sartre does not try to combat metaphysics as a deleterious undertaking.
true
- Being to Nothingness’s descriptive method moves from the highly concrete to the most abstract
false most abstract to the highly concrete
X and Y have mutually exclusive characteristics and yet we (human reality) are entities that combine both, which is the ontological root of our ambiguity.
Being-in-itself
being-for-itself
X is often described as a Cartesian dualist but this is imprecise.
Sartre
- Accordingly, time with all of its paradoxes is a function of the for-itself’s nihilating or “X” the in-itself. The past is related to the future as in-itself to for-itself and as facticity to possibility, with the present, like “situation” in general, is an ambiguous mixture of both.
othering
- Sartre’s famous analysis of the shame one experiences at being discovered in an embarrassing situation is a phenomenological argument (what Husserl called an “X”) of our awareness of another as the subject.
eidetic reduction
X is dialectical in the Hegelian sense that it surpasses and subsumes its other, the Y. The latter, like the in-itself, is inert but as “practico-“ is the sedimentation of previous praxes.
Praxis
practico-inert
