[M1S2] Part 1 Flashcards
What did the scholars call the Middle Ages?
Medieval Period
a time in European history from 400-1500 AD
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages occurred between what?
fall of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance.
Historians usually divide the Middle Ages into three smaller periods called:
Early Middle Ages, the High Middle Ages, and the Late Middle Ages.
During the Renaissance, scholars and thinkers began to call the
preceding era as the Middle Ages as it separated the culture of what?
ancient Rome and Greece, and the Rennaissance
when did some call the early period the Dark Ages?
when Europe was overrun by the Byzantines and Arabs.
During the Medieval period, what became the most dominant and powerful institution in Europe influencing the monarchs
Catholic Church
Pope Leo III named Charlemagne as what?
the Holy Roman Emperor in 800 CE
What maneuvered military expeditions to Jerusalem during the late 11th century?
Catholic Church
what do you call a medieval military expedition
crusades
Pope Urban II called every Christian
in Europe to do what?
expel the Muslims (infidels) from the Holy Land (1095)
what brought
European culture to Jerusalem and Muslim
culture to Europe
on and off crusades lasted
until the end of the 15th century
in much of Europe, the Middle Ages were defined by what?
Feudal System
The Feudal system consisted of what?
kings, lords, knights, vassals, and
peasants.
During the Middle Ages, what worked
as the king granted vast lands to
noblemen and bishops.
feudal society
what do you call vast lands
fiefs
Land owners of fiefs needed what? to do what?
peasants to plant and harvest their
lands.
what would the peasants get in exchange of their work?
allowed to
live on the land with protection from local lords
in case of invasion.
these were composed of large castles
surrounded by small villages and a local
church.
manors
During this period, about 90% of the
population worked on lands as peasants or
serfs.
Manor period (?)(Medieval Manors) (Medieval Period)
during the Manor Period, who swore their oath of fealty to the king?
Lords and Barons
what do you call a group of craftsmen during the Medieval Period?
guild
Each guild had specialties and was
able to move up the social ladder through what?
hard work
examples of guilds
weavers, dryers, armorers, painters, masons, bookkeepers, bakers,
and candlemakers.
well-define positions in guilds
apprentices, journeyman, and masters.
