M3H Female Pathology Gynecologic Flashcards
cervical cancer
malignant cells within the cervix, often caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
cervicitis
inflammation of the cervix, commonly caused by bacteria such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae
cervicitis signs
in acute cervicitis, the cervix is reddened and can have exudate (discharge) or even ulcerations
endometrial cancer
malignant tumor of the uterine lining (adenocarcinoma)
endometrial cancer signs
most common sign is postmenopausal bleeding
endometriosis
endometrial tissue is found outside the uterus
endometriosis signs
dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) or pelvic pain
infertility and dyspareunia (painful intercourse)
when endometriosis affects the ovaries, chocolate cysts (large cysts filled with menstrual blood) may develop
fibroids (leiomyomata or leiomyomas)
benign tumors in the uterus composed of fibrous tissue and smooth muscle
fibroids signs
metrorrhagia (irregular periods)
pelvic pain
menorrhagia (heavy periods)
ovarian cancer (adenocarcinoma)
malignant tumor of the ovary, often presenting as serous or mucinous cystadenocarcinomas
ovarian cancer (signs)
abdominal mass
ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity) when metastasized
ovarian cysts
fluid-filled sacs within the ovary
ovarian cyst types
follicular: formed from unruptured ovarian follicles
luteal cysts: formed when ruptured follicles seal
cystadenocarcinoma: malignant cysts lined with tumor cells
dermoid cysts: benign cysts containing a variety of cell types
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
inflammation and infection of the pelvic and abdominal organs, including salpingitis, oophoritis, endometritis, and endocervicitis
caused by sexually transmitted infections
PID signs
fever
vaginal discharge
abdominal pain (LLQ & RLQ)
tenderness to palpation of the cervix
