M3G Major Endocrine Glands Location and Structure

Question 1

pineal gland

Answer 1

central portion of the brain

ductless

Question 2

thyroid gland

Answer 2

composed of right and left lobe on either side of the trachea

below the thyroid cartilage

(thyr/o = shield)

Question 3

parathyroid glands

Answer 3

four small oval bodies located on the dorsal aspect (back) of the thyroid gland

Question 4

adrenal glands

Answer 4

two small glands, one on top of each kidney

each gland consists of two parts: outer part: adrenal cortex
inner part: adrenal medulla

Question 5

pancreas

Answer 5

near and partly behind the stomach at L1-L2 vertebrae region

Islet cells (islets of Langerhans) secrete hormones

Question 6

pituitary gland (hypophysis)

Answer 6

pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica

consists of
an anterior lobe: adenohypophysis
a posterior lobe: neurohypophysis

Question 7

ovaries

Answer 7

two small glands located in the lower abdominal region of the female

Question 8

testes

Answer 8

two small ovoid glands

suspended from the inguinal region of the male
by the spermatic cord
surrounded by the scrotal sac