M2 SCI 11 Flashcards
the more highly ADAPTED an organism is to a specific environment, the more difficult it is for the organism to adapt to a DIFF ENVIRONMENT
LAW OF SPECIALIZATION
LIVING SYSTEMS are organized into _______ with PROGRESSIVE SPECIALIZATION of functions and complexity emerging from LOWER level to HIGHER LEVELS of the organization also known as ______ ______
HIERARCHIES ;
EMERGENT PROPERTIES
Fundamental unit of all substances, living or not.
ATOM
Atoms join other atoms ; In today’s natural world, only living things make the “_______ OF LIFE”, which are lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and complex carbohydrates
MOELCULES
Membrane-enclosed structures that perform specific functions to form the cells.
ORGANELLES
Basic unit of life
CELLS
Cells that are organized
TISSUES
Organized tissues carrying out a SPECIFIC TASKS
ORGAN
Interacting organs
ORGAN SYSTEM
an individual that consists of one (unicellular) or more cells (multicellular).
ORGANISM
Groups of interbreeding individuals of the same type or species living in a given area constitute the _______.
POPULATION
All populations occupying a given AREA form a _______.
COMMUNITY
The community and the NON-LIVING environment function together as an ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM or _______, the first unit that is complete because it has all the components necessary for SURVIVAL (Odum and Barrett, 2005).
ECOSYTEM
The most inclusive level encompassing all regions of Earth’s crust, waters, and atmosphere in which organisms live
is designated as the ______ or _______.
BIOSPHERE / ECOSPHERE
The ELEVEN ecological levels of organization of living systems is also called as
BIOSYSTEMS
11 BIOSYSTEMS / ECOLOGICAL LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
ATOM
MOLECULE
MACROMOLECULE
CELL
TISSUE
ORGAN
ORGAN SYSTEM
ORGANISM
POPULATION
COMMUNITY
ECOSYSTEM
BIOSPHERE
7 PROPERTIES OF LIVING SYSTEMS
- ORGANIZATION
- ENERGY PROCESSING
- RESPONSE TO STIMULI
- HOMEOSTASIS / REGULATION
- GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
- REPRODUCTION
- ADAPTATION
PROPERTIES OF LIVING SYSTEMS.
highly organized and COORDINATED set of structures or units that is in harmony to produce a specific FUNCTION
ORGANIZATION
PROPERTIES OF LIVING SYSTEMS.
used for metabolic activities
ENERGY PROCESSING
PROPERTIES OF LIVING SYSTEMS.
May be a POSITIVE or NEGATIVE response
RESPONSE TO STIMULI
PROPERTIES OF LIVING SYSTEMS.
Maintain internal conditions at steady state
REGULATION / HOMEOSTASIS
PROPERTIES OF LIVING SYSTEMS.
increase in size and mass ; process of change that organisms goes through as it grows
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
PROPERTIES OF LIVING SYSTEMS.
continuity of species ; from unicellular to multicellular, duplicating DNA, and then dividing it equally as the cell prepares to divide to form two new cells
REPRODUCTION
PROPERTIES OF LIVING SYSTEMS.
Allows the population to survive and reproduce
ADAPTATION
PROPERTIES OF LIVING SYSTEMS.
Organisms only appear to be fitted to their present environment because present environments have not changed that much
ABAPTATION
pure substance in which all atoms have the same number of protons
ELEMENT
consists of two or more elements chemically bonded in a fixed ratio
COMPOUND
3 TYPES OF PLANT TISSUE
DERMAL TISSUE
VASCULAR TISSUE
GROUND TISSUE
DERMAL TISSUE : _______
EPIDERMIS
VASCULAR TISSUE : _______
XLEM
PHLOEM
SCLERENCHYMA
GROUND TISSUE : ________
MESOPHYLL
PITH
CORTEX
PARTS OF PLANT
SHOOT SYSTEM:
LEAF
STEM
ROOT SYSTEM:
MAIN ROOT
LATERAL ROOTS
8 TYPES OF ANIMAL TISSUE
BAN CC BEM
BLOOD
ADIPOSE
NERVOUS
CONNECTIVE
CARTILAGE
BONE
EPITHELIAL
MUSCLE
PLANT CELL
- WITH ____ WALL
- LARGE CENTRAL _____
- CONTAINS ______ (AUTOTROPH)
- LACK _____ & _____
CELL WALL
VACUOLE
CHLOROPHYLASTS
CENTROSOMES
LYSOSOMES
ANIMAL CELL
- IRREGULARLY SHAPED, _____ CELL WALL
- NUMEROUS ______ VACUOLES
- _______ ; NO CHLOROPLASTS
- _______ CENTRIOLES / CENTROSOMES & LYSOSOMES
NO CELL WALL
SMALL
HETEROTROPH
CONTAINS
- SMALLER & LACK defined NUCLEUS
- LACK MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES
- LACK WELL DEVELOPED CYTOSKELETON
- divide by BINARY FISSION
PROKARYOTIC
- LARGER & have well-defined NUCLEUS
- MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES
- DYNAMIC CYTOSKELETO
- MITOSIS AND CYTOKINESIS
EUKARYOTIC
ATOMS ARE COMPOSED OF
ELECTRON ORBITS:
ELECTRON
NUCLEUS:
NEUTRON
PROTON
11 BODY SYSTEMS
SKELETAL
CIRCULATORY
NERVOUS
LYMPHATIC (IMMUNE) SYSTEM
ENDOCRINE
DIGESTIVE
RESPIRATORY
MUSCULAR
INTEGUMENTARY
EXCRETORY
REPRODUCTIVE
hot -> Cold
Wet -> Dry
BIOME PYRAMID
