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FCM > M2. Immunization > Flashcards

M2. Immunization Flashcards

1
Q

Provides immediate but temporary protection against

infection

A

Passive immunity

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2
Q

Protection provided by a person’s own immune system. The antigen stimulates the immune system to produce
antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity

A

Active immmunity

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3
Q

He used cowpox as vaccine

A

Edward jenner

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4
Q

The vaccine is injected into the muscle, and ___ take up the protein antigen

A

dendritic cells

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5
Q

Dendritic cells are

activated through ____

A

pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

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6
Q

In combination with signaling (by soluble antigen) through the B cell receptor (BCR), the T cells drive B cell development in the ____

A

lymph node.

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7
Q

can proliferate rapidly when they encounter a pathogen, and CD8+ effector T cells are important for the elimination of the infected cells.

A

CD8+ memory T cells

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8
Q

can continue to produce

antibodies for decades travel to reside in bone marrow niches.

A

Long lived plasma cells

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9
Q

Derived from “wild” viruses or bacteria that are
attenuated (weakened) in a laboratory, usually by
repeated culturing

A

Live attenuated vaccines

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10
Q

Produced by growing viruses or bacteria in culture
media then subjected to heat or chemical agents. May not elicit the range of immunologic response
provided by live attenuated vaccines

A

INACTIVATED VACCINES

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11
Q

Contain bacteria or viruses killed through a physical or

chemical process

A

Whole cell inactivated vaccines

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12
Q

Made using inactivated toxins produced by bacteria

→ Tetanus, Diphtheria

A

Toxoid vaccine

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13
Q

Produced through recombinant DNA technology (enables combination of DNA from two or more sources)
→ HPV

A

Recombinant vaccines

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14
Q

True or false General Rule: Almost all vaccines can be administered
at the same visit

A

True

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15
Q

True or False: Vaccine doses should not be administered at less than
the recommended minimum intervals or earlier than
the indicated maximum age

A

False; should be minimum age

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16
Q

How much inactivated injectable vaccines can be

given in the same visit.

A

2-3

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17
Q

How much live vaccines can be simultaneously given in the

same visit.

A

2

18
Q

How much live parenteral vaccines can be given together with the second dose of both vaccines usually
administered after __ weeks.

A

2; 4 weeks

19
Q

What SHOULD NOT be done when administering vaccines Orally

A

• DO NOT administer or spray directly into the throat.

20
Q

Subcutaneous injection of the vaccine should be done where

A

upper outer triceps of the arm

21
Q

Intramuscular injection of the vaccine should be done where

A 
anterolateral thigh (vastus
lateralis muscle) and upper arm (deltoid muscle)
22
Q

Most ____ vaccines are administered by

intramuscular route

A

inactivated

23
Q

Intradermal Vaccine administered between layers of the skin until a ____ develops.

A

wheal

24
Q

Subset of reactions occurring soon after receipt of a vaccine

A

REACTOGENIC REACTIONS

25
Q

Rare but potentially life-threatening severe

allergic reaction to vaccine

A

Anaphylaxis

26
Q

• Caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae
• Incubation period: 1 - 5 days
• Transmitted from person to person through close
physical and respiratory contact.

A

Diptheria

27
Q
  • Viral infection of the liver

* Transmitted through contact with infected blood and other bodily fluids

A

Hepatitis B

28
Q
  • Most common sexually transmitted infection affecting the skin and mucous membranes of the genital areas of men and women
  • Easily spread by skin-to-skin contact
A

Human Papilovirus

29
Q

• Caused by influenza viruses A and B
• Incubation period: 1 - 4 days
• Transmitted through droplets produced when
coughing or sneezing

A

Influenza

30
Q

Brain infection caused by a virus normally from
infected birds and domestic animals (especially, pigs
and wading birds).
• Transmitted via Culex mosquitoes as vector
• Endemic in Asia, the Pacific Islands, and Northern
Australia.

A

Jap. Encephalitis

31
Q
  • Acute viral infection caused by the measles virus
  • Incubation period: 10 - 14 days (range 7 - 23 days)
  • Transmitted through the air by respiratory droplets
A

Measles

32
Q

• Sometimes referred to as infectious parotitis
• Incubation period: 14 - 21 days
• Transmitted through airborne droplets released when
coughing or sneezing and through direct contact with
an infected person

A

Mumps

33
Q

• Also known as whooping cough
• Caused by Bordetella pertussis affecting the
respiratory tract
• Incubation period: 9 - 10 days (range: 6 - 20 days)
• Highly contagious and spreads through droplet
transmission

A

Perutussis

34
Q

Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae
(pneumococcus)
• Spread from person to person by coughing, sneezing,
or close contact (through pneumococci contained in
respiratory droplets from people who have the
bacteria in their noses or throats)

A

Pneumonococcal disease

35
Q

• Highly infectious disease of the central nervous
system caused by three closely related polioviruses
(Types 1, 2, and 3)
• Incubation time: 7- 10 days
• Transmitted by contact with infected feces

A

Polio

36
Q

Characteristics of OPV (Oral Polio vaccines) gone rougue

A
  1. Paralysis

2. Spread

37
Q

• Highly infectious diarrheal disease caused by

Rotavirus strains affecting the small intestines

A

Rotaviruses

38
Q

• Usually mild viral infection in children and adults
• Spread in airborne droplets when sneezing or
coughing
• Symptoms: maculopapular rash, low-grade fever, neck
lymphadenopathy

A

Rubella

39
Q

Common symptoms: Spasms and stiffness of jaw
muscles (trismus), stiffness of neck and abdominal
muscles, difficulty swallowing, and painful body
spasms lasting for several minutes, typically triggered
by minor occurrences such as draft, loud noise,
physical touch, or light

A

Tetanus

40
Q

Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Highly contagious through airborne transmission
• usually attacks the lungs but may affect other parts of
the body
• Symptoms: General weakness,weight loss, fever, night
sweats, persistent cough, hemoptysis (coughing of
blood), failure to thrive in children

A

Tuberculosis

41
Q

is an important feature of vaccineinduced
protection. It is achieved when susceptible
individuals are indirectly protected by vaccinated
individuals.

A

Herd immunity

FCM (16 decks)

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