M smallpox / vaccinations Flashcards
What was smallpox?
a disease that killed by creating a complete shutdown of the body’s immune system.
Symptoms of smallpox…
severe pain, chills, vomiting, and pus filled blisters on and beneath the skin
What centuries did huge epidemics of smallpox lead to thousands of deaths?
18th and 19th
In what years were there nationwide epidemics of smallpox?
1722,1723 and 1740-42
What Oxfordshire village was wiped out due to smallpox?
Burford
In 1796 how many people in London died from smallpox?
over 3500
What were people experimenting by 1796?
Inoculation
Inoculation came around in what year
1796
What had people worked out that led to inoculation?
If you caught a gentle dose of a disease it might protect you in the future.
Who was one of the most famous and successful inoculators in the 1700s?
Thomas Dimsdale
In what year did Jenner conduct his vaccination experiment?
1796
What did Edward Jenner notice about the diary maids he treated for cowpox?
They never got smallpox
Who did Jenner infect with cowpox in 1796?
James Phipps, his gardeners son
Did James catch smallpox after that when Jenner tried to give him it?
No
What did Jenner write in 1798?
he wrote of his successful approaches to “vaccinating” the local population.
How did people first react to vaccination?
They were scared and suspicious.
What did religious leaders say about vaccination?
It was against Gods will
What did uneducated people believe about cowpox vaccination?
It would turn them into cows
What did inoculators think?
It would ruin their business
Who supported vaccinations?
Parliament
Why did parliament support vaccination?
It was cheaper and safer than inoculation
What did vaccination not need that inoculation did?
People didn’t need to be quarantined after treatment
By 1800 how many people around the world had been vaccinated?
100,000
Who had their entire army vaccinated in 1805?
Napoleon
Why did the anti-jenner propaganda eventually fall away?
The number of lives saved proved it effective
What did the government enforce in 1872?
Compulsory smallpox vaccination
What did smallpox vaccination become compulsory?
1872
Who did Jenner inspire?
Koch and Pasteur to find more vaccinations
When were public vaccinators appointed?
1871
When was The Royal Jennerian Society set up and why?
1803 and to promote and facilitate vaccinations
British government began to enforce compulsory vaccinations in what year?
1872
