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history > M medicine through time > Flashcards

M medicine through time Flashcards

1
Q

Medieval Britain

A

1250-1500

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2
Q

The Renaissance

A

1500-1700

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3
Q

The Industrial Period

A

1700-1900

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4
Q

The Modern World

A

1900-now

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5
Q

Medieval Britain: Causes

A
  • God punishing sins
  • Miasma
  • 4 humours out of balance
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6
Q

Medieval Britain: Preventions and treatments

A
  • Bleeding (leeches)
  • Purging (Camomile)
  • Flagellation
  • Basic herbs (onion)
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7
Q

Medieval Britain: Hospital and care

A

Monasteries

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8
Q

Medieval Britain: Physicians, apocrathies and barber surgeons

A
  • Physicians would diagnose

- Barber surgeons uneducated

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9
Q

Renaissance: Causes

A
  • four humours went out of fashion

- theory of contagion 1541

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10
Q

Renaissance: Preventions and treatments

A
  • Exotic herbs (coffee and cinchona bark)
  • Chemical chemistry
  • Quarantine and avoidance
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11
Q

Renaissance: Hospital and care

A

Pest houses

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12
Q

Renaissance: Physicians, apocrathies and barber surgeons

A
  • Apocrathies based in hospitals
  • John Hunter’s teaching
  • Barber surgeons licenced
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13
Q

Industrial period: causes

A

Spontaneous generations

Germ theory 1861

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14
Q

Industrial period: Preventions and treatments

A

Vaccinations, Change of scenery innoculation

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15
Q

Industrial period: hospitals and care

A

Pavillion hospitals, professional nurses

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16
Q

Industrial period: Improvements in surgery

A

chloroform, carbolics spray

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17
Q

Industrial period: fight against cholera and better government action over public health

A

John Snow / 1,300 miles of sewers / 1875 Act.

18
Q

Modern world: Causes

A

Specific germs, DNA

19
Q

Modern world: Preventions and treatments

A

salvarsan 606 and better vaccinations

20
Q

Modern world: Hospitals and care

A

Charity hospitals and NHS after 1948

21
Q

Modern world: the discovery of penicillin

A

Fleming, Florey and Chain
Filtration to purify penicillin
Mass-production and the role of the American government

22
Q

Modern world: The fight against lung cancer

A

Identifying the link between smoking and cancer
High tech treatment
Banning of tobacco advertising

23
Q

Hippocrates and Galen (influence in medieval)

A

4 Humours

Theory of Opposites

24
Q

Thomas Sydenham (renaissance)

A

Diseases in families

Attack the body

25
Q

William Harvey (renaissance)

A

Circulation / Heart

Galen wrong

26
Q

Florence Nightingale (industrial)

A

School for nursing

Pavillion Plan

27
Q

John Snow (industrial)

A

Link between water and cholera

28
Q

Louis Pasteur (industrial)

A

Germ Theory

4 Principles

29
Q

Robert Koch (industrial)

A

TB germ

Cholera germ

30
Q

Fleming, Florey and Chain (modern world)

A

Research on mould
Filtration
Gains support from USA in mass production

31
Q

Medieval Britain: Influence of Church

A

Church said no to any ideas that challenged their power.

32
Q

Medieval Britain: weak government

A

Government was focussed on maintaining control, not on improving health.

33
Q

Medieval Britain: communications

A

There was no overseas exploration and no printing press meant new ideas could not spread and be developed.

34
Q

Renaissance: printing press

A

Invented in 1440 and revolutionised the sharing of ideas in the Renaissance. People became interested in new ideas.

35
Q

Renaissance: royal society

A

Formed in 1660 and symbolised the King’s support for people developing new scientific ideas. Thomas Sydenham was a member.

36
Q

Renaissance: Scientific thinking

A

Theories were developed around things like contagion and that diseases were in families. Laid foundations for later breakthroughs.

37
Q

Industrial period: Individuals

A

Used observation and scientific principles to form new breakthroughs in preventing disease (vaccination / germ theory)

38
Q

Industrial period: Government

A

Supported individuals through funding vaccination and research into germs.
Less laissez-faire in approach to public heath.

39
Q

Industrial period: Science and technology

A

Industrial Revolution led to creation of dyes that could be used to stain microbes.
Better glass led to improved microscopes and flasks / beakers.

40
Q

Modern World: Individuals

A

Paul Ehrlich inspired by working with Robert Koch to find “magic bullet” - Salvarsan 606

41
Q

Modern World: Government

A

Developed a Welfare State.

More and more to help the poor.

42
Q

Modern World: Science and technology

A

High-tech machinery dramatically improved treatment and hospitals.

history (34 decks)

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