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Art Appreciation > (M) L4.1: Art History (Medieval) > Flashcards

(M) L4.1: Art History (Medieval) Flashcards

1
Q

The Medieval arts covered almost 10 centuries between what 2 important events?

A

Sack of Rome and Early Italian Renaissance

Note: “Sack” means they suffered depopulation and economic collapse, causing artists and thinkers to scatter

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2
Q

Only one institution survived in the Medieval period, it was centered in Rome and Constantinople, what was it?

A

Christian Church

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3
Q

This became the main sponsor of architecture and other types of art during the Medieval era

A

Church

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4
Q

During the beginning of the Medieval period, all works of art were commissioned by who?

A

Religious authorities or secular leaders

Note: The religious authorities were for the churches/monasteries while the secular leaders were for public edification (moral improvement of a person)

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5
Q

Most works of art at the beginning of the Medieval era were made by which group of people?

A

Monks

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6
Q

Most artists during the beginning of the Medieval era were _________

A

Laymen (non-priest male member of a church)

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7
Q

What group of people asked for commissioned artworks from laymen in the Medieval period?

A

Wealthy middle class patrons (for personal enjoyment)

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8
Q

Medieval Europe was predominantly related to the building of sacred buildings, such as _______

A

Churches

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9
Q

The primary structure that signifies Christian faith

A

Churches/Cathedrals

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10
Q

T or F: Churches were channels of destructive energy during the Medieval period

A

False (creative)

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11
Q

T or F: Churches granted indulgences and pardons for those who would help build churches and cathedral structures

A

True (tamang lusot lang yarn)

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12
Q

This was the primary model of Medieval religious architecture

A

Roman Basilica

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13
Q

Within the Roman Basilica, this was the most common floor plan among the religious buildings

A

Latin cross floor plan

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14
Q

What purpose did the surviving secular structures serve during the Medieval period?

A

Defense (hi asli)

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15
Q

These were the most notable non-religious examples of Medieval architecture throughout Europe which served defense purposes

A

Castles and walls (aot coded eren yeager rahhhh)

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16
Q

Which country was at the heart of the flourishing, production, and innovation of Romanesque and Gothic architectural styles in Western Europe?

A

France (oui oui)

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17
Q

The Romanesque and Gothic styles developed from which models?

A

Carolingian (King Charlemagne) and Ottoman models

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18
Q

T or F: All western European architecture was typically considered Byzantine from years 500 to 1150

A

False (Romanesque)

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19
Q

What are the 2 classifications of early Romanesque architecture?

A

Carolingian (Pre-Romanesque) or Ottonian

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20
Q

The period of Carolingian renaissance was under the rule of who?

A

King Charlemagne (eyyy let’s go PAMET papi)

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21
Q

The later period of Romanesque architecture (after Carolingian) was called as what?

A

Ottonian architecture

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22
Q

The development of Ottonian architecture was under the rule of who?

A

Emperor Otto the Great

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23
Q

T or F: Ottonian architecture is of German origin

A

True

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24
Q

“Romanesque” was the name given to the style of architecture used during the time when most developments were pioneered by what group of people?

Hint: These are North men or the Vikings of Normandy, France

A

Normans

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25
Q

Normans were known for their prolific building of what?

A

Castles

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26
Q

T or F: “Romanesque” was immediately associated to the Roman Empire due to their similar sounding names

A

False (similar style of architecture such as the Roman barrel vaults and arches)

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27
Q

This style of architecture was known for its massive quality, thick walls, round arches, study pillars, barrel vaults, large towers, and decorative arcading

A

Romanesque architecture

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28
Q

The Romanesque style was the first major style of architecture to be developed after the collapse of what?

A

The Roman Empire

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29
Q

T or F: The Romanesque style was ecclesiastical in nature

A

True (means relating to the Christian church or its clergy)

30
Q

Romanesque architecture was succeeded by what architectural style of the later Middle Ages?

A

Gothic (Perpendicular) style

31
Q

This architecture style started in 12th century France and was even called the French style

A

Gothic architecture

32
Q

When was the “French style” renamed to the “Gothic style”?

A

During the Renaissance

33
Q

This style was mostly light, graceful, and spacious in nature

A

Gothic style

34
Q

Architectural inspirations came from the ______ (a race) which copied the Crusades that led to changes in Gothic styles

A

Arabs

35
Q

T or F: The Romanesque style encompassed pointed arches, ribbed vaults, buttresses, clustered slender piers, larger windows, and higher vaults and spires

A

False (Gothic)

36
Q

This is also known as the Eastern Roman style

A

Byzantine style

37
Q

The empire when Byzantine was developed started with the establishment of what city?

A

Constantinople

38
Q

The Eastern Roman Empire ended with the capture of what group of people?

A

Ottoman Turks

39
Q

The Byzantine style began in the reign of who?

A

Emperor Justinian

40
Q

The Byzantine style period continued after the fall of Constantinople when what church was dominant?

A

Greek Orthodox Church

41
Q

The founding of this city was meant to create a new Rome in the east

A

Constantinople

42
Q

Apart from Eastern Roman, Byzantine is also known as Early _________

A

Christian

43
Q

T or F: Byzantine styles were characterized by massive domes with square bases, rounded arches, spires, and glass mosaics

A

True

44
Q

Types of Medieval Arts:
- Religious texts decorated with rich colors (usually of gold and silver)

A

Illuminated manuscripts

45
Q

Illuminated comes from which Latin word which means “adorn or illuminate”?

A

Illuminare

46
Q

Refers to the embellishment of a manuscript with luminous colors (especially gold)

A

Illuminate

47
Q

What were the people who produced the illuminated manuscripts called?

A

Illuminators

48
Q

T or F: Illuminators were only composed of females

A

False (both men and women of monasteries/convents could be illuminators for the manuscripts)

49
Q

These people were dedicated to painstakingly copying religious texts and embellishing manuscripts with rich colors

A

Medieval monks

50
Q

Types of Medieval Arts:
- Metals with great luster such as gold, silver, and bronze were frequently used as mediums in the creation of religious artifacts

A

Metalworks

51
Q

Who were the people who transform beautiful metals into objects of adornment for the church commonly used as sculptures, jewelries, and church doors?

A

Metalworkers

52
Q

These are fine artists who use precious metals to produce new forms of jewelry

A

Silversmiths and Goldsmiths

53
Q

T or F: The church allowed the use of common metals for the Medieval churches

A

False (only precious metals were allowed for they are said to be worthy for the divine service to God)

54
Q

Types of Medieval Arts:
- Includes artworks in iconography, fresco, and panels depicting religious scenes

A

Paintings

55
Q

A type of painting commonly done on walls/ceilings applied with plaster

A

Fresco

56
Q

During the middle ages, frescoes were a common display in churches where?

A

Italy

57
Q

Refers to a type of painting done on a single or several pieces of wood boards known as panels

A

Panel painting

58
Q

What were the common subjects for panel paintings?

A

Icons of Byzantine

59
Q

Types of Medieval Arts:
- One of the most celebrated historical events of the Medieval era was the Bayeux Tapestry

A

Emboridery

60
Q

The Bayeux tapestry tells the story of who?

A

William the Conqueror

(+ the Norman invasion of England and the Battle of Hastings)

61
Q

How many pieces of unbleached linen sewn together were used to form the Bayeux tapestry?

A

8

62
Q

What were the dimensions of the Bayeux tapestry?

A

20 inches (H) by 230 feet (L)

63
Q

Types of Medieval Arts:
- These were done handmade and not wheel-turned which produced common cookwares, pots, jars, pitchers, and crucibles

A

Ceramics/Ceramic Art

64
Q

Types of Medieval Arts:
- The creation of pictures using broken glass, rock, or any other material. Christian churches and cathedrals have used these as wall and ceiling displays

A

Mosaics

65
Q

Types of Medieval Arts:
- The Gothic styles of this emerged from the early, rigid, inflexible, and elongated styles of Romanesque art into a more naturalistic style

A

Sculpture

66
Q

Types of Medieval Arts:
- This was displayed to the windows of medieval churches, cathedrals, and castles
- It exemplified the pictorial art that survived the Medieval era of the middle ages

A

Stained glass

67
Q

T or F: Stained glass artwork uses fragmented pieces of glass set to look like an image or a picture

A

True

68
Q

Pictures using stained glass are joined together by strips of _____ supported by a hard frame

A

Lead

69
Q

Types of Medieval Arts:
- The art and custom of creating coats of arms and badges of nobles
- Common materials used were parchment, paper, painted wood, embroidery, enamel, stonework, and stained glass

A

Heraldry

70
Q

The following artists belong to which age?
- Donatello Giotto
- Leon Battista Alberti
- Cimabue
- Filippo Brunelleschi
- Fra Angelico
Lorenzo Ghiberti

A

Middle Ages

Art Appreciation (24 decks)

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