(M) L1.1: Elements of Art (Visual) Flashcards
1
Q
> These lines are parallel to the horizon; they do not slant
They are geometric, hard, and impersonal
Some move from right to left or vice versa
Usually indicate calmness and rest
A
Horizontal Lines
2
Q
> These lines start from the bottom going up or vice versa
They do not lean
These show strength, balance, and stability
Monuments are usual examples of this
A
Vertical Lines
3
Q
> These lines are between a vertical and horizontal line
Look as if they are rising or falling (positive or negative implications)
A
Diagonal Lines
4
Q
T or F: Positive diagonals indicate stress, frustration, or defeat while negative lines indicate movement or action
A
False (reverse)
5
Q
> These are formed through a mixture of diagonal lines
Diagonals form angles and change direction suddenly
These indicate chaos, conflict, and confusion
A
Zigzag Lines
6
Q
> These lines are curvilinear
Are organic, natural, and adjust direction regularly
A
Curved Lines
7
Q
T or F: Wiggly lines do not form curved lines
A
False (they can form spirals and circles)
8
Q
A curved line that goes around itself forms what?
A
Spiral
9
Q
When curved lines continuously move in opposite directions, they form what?
A
Wavy lines
10
Q
These are lines that are intentionally shown in an artwork
A
Actual Lines
11
Q
These lines are drawn to make the viewer feel involved in interpreting the composition by seeing and connecting lines where none actually exist
A
Implied Lines
12
Q
T or F: Implied lines suggest movement and can add fluidity to the work
A
True
13
Q
T or F: Implied lines do not disappear, fade, or stop at any point before reappearing again
A
False (they do)
14
Q
> The most expressive element of art
Can appeal to our emotions and interact with the physiology of the visual system
A property of light
A
Color
15
Q
T or F: Color is only seen when light bypasses an object
A
False (surrounds)
16
Q
T or F: Absence of light can still show perceived colors
A
False (cannot)
17
Q
Who discovered the different rays of colors by passing a white light beam through a prism?
A
Isaac Newton
18
Q
T or F: Red has the shortest wavelength while violet has the longest
A
False (reverse)
19
Q
T or F: The colors of the rainbow come from white light
A
True
20
Q
> Refers to the name in which a color is known
Determined by the wavelength of light physically given by a color
A
Hue
21
Q
> Refers to the lightness or darkness of a color
Pertains to the absence of white or black
A
Value
22
Q
T or F: Hues can exist in different degrees of values
A
True
23
Q
When white light is added to a color, it is called _______
A
Tint
24
Q
When black is mixed with a hue, it is called ______
A
Shade
25
> Refers to how pure a color is (absence of white, black, or gray)
> Distinguishes between a brighter appearance of the hue from a duller one
Intensity/Saturation
26
T or F: Colors with high saturation tend to be dull while those with low saturation tend to be bright
False (reverse)
27
How many color systems exist depending on the source?
2 (additive and subtractive)
28
> These are colors of light
> When you combine these colors, the result is white
Additive
29
> These are colors of pigments (paints)
> When you combine these colors, the result is black (the mixture cancels out each of the colors' brightnesses)
Subtractive
30
He was the first to conceptualize the color wheel
Isaac Newton
31
A circle divided equally into 12 parts representing 12 colors and how they relate to one another
Color Wheel
32
T or F: The color wheel is based on pigments that make the mixture additive
False (subtractive)
33
In the color wheel, what are the 3 primary colors?
Red
Yellow
Blue
34
In the colors of light, what are the 3 primary colors?
Red
Green
Blue
35
These are colors that cannot be produced by the mixture of any other colors
Primary Colors
36
These colors result from the combination of 2 primary colors in equal amounts
Secondary Colors
37
In the color wheel, what are the 3 secondary colors?
Orange
Green
Violet
38
In the colors of light, what are the 3 secondary colors?
Yellow
Cyan
Magenta
39
Colors that emerge from the combination of a primary and secondary color
Intermediate Colors
40
What are the intermediate colors?
Red-orange
Yellow-orange
Yellow-green
Blue-green
Blue-violet
Red-violet
41
What is the division of color classifications that make up the 12 colors of the wheel?
3 - primary
3 - secondary
6 - intermediate
42
T or F: Tertiary colors are not the same as intermediate colors
Both can be applicable according to some sources, read up on this further
43
Colors that are formed when you combine 2 secondary colors OR by adding the compliments together in order to neutralize them
Tertiary
44
T or F: Browns and olive greens are considered intermediate colors
False (tertiary)
45
T or F: Not all pigments show color
True
46
> This is the family of colors that refer to blacks, whites, and grays
> They do not share any characteristics with other colors because they show no color quality
Neutrals
47
This color is manifested with the presence of ALL COLORS
White (a surface reflects all wavelengths equally)
48
This shade is described as the absence of color
Black (a surface absorbs all colors and reflects none of them)
49
This color is described as an impure white created by a partial reflection of all wavelengths
Gray
50
T or F: Neutrals are concerned about the quantity of light reflected, while colors are concerned about the quality of light reflected
True
51
T or F: Colors have a temperature
True
52
These are colors associated with the sun and fire
Warm colors (red, orange, and yellow)
53
T or F: Cool colors advance while warm colors recede in a painting
False (reverse)
54
These are colors associated with the air, sky, earth, and water
Cool colors (blue, green, and violet)
55
The coming together of lines enclosing an area and separating it from its surroundings
Shape
56
T or F: In art, a shape can be discerned by viewing the artwork against the background
True
57
These psychologists discovered that the way humans process information is done by organizing stimuli into groups based on similarity, nearness, and figure-ground relationships
German Gestalt Psychologists
58
After the human brain processes information that can be chunked together, a perceptual totality that gives the viewer a "whole" is formed, which can be referred to as _______
Shapes
59
> These are shapes that are regular, precise, and present an industrial feel
> May be rectilinear or curvilinear
Geometric Shapes
60
> These are shapes that have a natural appearance and represent objects from nature
> Usually curvilinear or irregular
Organic Shapes
61
These shapes manifest qualities of biological organisms
Bimorphic shapes
62
These shapes exist without any basis from nature or geometry
Amorphous shapes
63
T or F: Shapes are usually done for objective representation of the world rather than the expression of ideas
False (reverse); the chosen shapes are more about the personality of the artist rather than objective reality
64
These shapes may suggest stability, symmetry, monotony, and independence
Squares
65
These shapes may suggest confinement and self-reliance
Circles
66
These shapes may suggest creativity
Oval
67
These shapes may suggest the feeling of reaching out
Stars
68
> A tricky element of visual arts
> Involves both physiological capability of the eyes and physical manipulation of a 2D surface
> Gives the viewer the illusion of depth or distance
Space
69
This type of vision refers to the perception of depth due to the distance between two eyes
Stereoscopic Vision
70
This gives the viewer 2 images of the object (one from each eye) which is physiologically merged into one image
Retinal Disparity
71
This type of vision involves the movement of the eyes when looking at or viewing the object
Kinesthetic Vision
72
T or F: More ocular movements occur when an object is near while less ocular movements occur when an object is far
True
73
> When objects are grouped, not all parts will be seen
> Nearer objects will have complete details while farther objects will have less details as they will be covered by the objects in front of them
Overlapping
74
> Nearer objects will be perceived as larger while farther objects will be perceived as smaller
Relative Size and Linear Perspective
75
T or F: Relative mass is supported by linear perspective
False (relative size)
76
T or F: Parallel lines that do not meet at a distance give the illusion of distance
False (that do meet)
77
> aka Aerial Perspective
> Illusion of depth is created through gradients
Atmospheric Perspective
78
Refers to a gradual change in either color, texture, brightness, color intensity, etc.
Gradient
79
The lower part of the painting that is nearest to the viewer
Foreground
80
The second part of an artwork located at the center of the canvas
Middle Ground
81
The upper part of the picture plane which is usually the most faded
Background
82
T or F: Objects in the foreground would be more detailed and bigger than those in the background
True
83
Who stated this?
"Art is a product of human creativity and is always dependent on individual interpretations and responses"
Ocvirk
84
> This element is also known as light and shadow
> The gradual change from light to dark and vice versa
> Results in the illusion of form and depth
Value
85
Refers to changes in the amount of reflected light from white to gray to black and vice versa
Achromatic Value
86
T or F: Light rays equally shine on all surfaces of an object
False (a shadow is cast where light is blocked by the object)
87
T or F: Cast shadows will always appear black
False (can range from gray to black)
88
The technique of using light and shadow in painting
Chiaroscuro
89
He exploited the use of chiaroscuro in his paintings
Leonardo da Vinci
90
Refers to the gradual blending of light and shadow
Sfumato
91
He introduced sfumato
Leonardo da Vinci (notably seen in the Mona Lisa)
92
This artist went a step further with chiaroscuro and exaggerated the use of shadows called "dark manner"
Caravaggio
93
The dark manner of a painting was what characterized paintings from what period?
Baroque Period
94
This is another term for "dark manner" or the exaggeration of chiaroscuro
Tenebrism
95
He was the artist who perfected Tenebrism in his works
Rembrandt
96
> This is derived from the Latin of "weaving"
> Defined as how the surface of a material feels and looks like
Texture
97
T or F: Texture is not only felt, but seen
True
98
Seeing texture without touching is also known as?
Visual texture
99
T or F: A surface's characteristics depends on the degree to which it is formed together
False (broken into different components)
100
> This type of texture refers to the real feel and look
> Usually seen in 3D works of art
Actual Texture
101
Presenting texture in paintings by putting thick layers of pigment is called?
Impasto Paintings
102
Impasto paintings were explicitly seen in whose works?
Van Gogh's
103
The technique of pasting real objects (e.g. paper, leaves, strings, etc.) is called?
Collage
104
The collage technique was first introduced by which 2 artists?
Picasso and Braque
105
> This type of texture refers to a surface that looks real but is not
> Exhibits the skill of the artist to exactly copy reality
> The artworks can be mistaken for the real objects as it "fools the eye"
Simulated Texture
106
T or F: Imitation of reality is the challenge of actual texture
False (simulated)
107
> This type of texture allows the artist to focus on one aspect of real texture and emphasize it
> It modifies the texture of the whole composition
Abstract Texture
108
T or F: Abstract texture focuses more on decorative and aesthetic effects than imitation
True
109
T or F: There is still an attempt to fool the eye in abstract texture
False (none)
110
> This type of texture is a product of the artist's imagination
> Usually seen in abstract artwork
Invented Texture
111
T or F: Invented texture can never represent something that is real
False (it can)
112
T or F: Time occurs through motion
False (motion occurs through time)
113
These can show direct actions in which a movement is perceived immediately or show an intended path for the viewer to follow
Motion
114
> This type of motion incorporates real movement in art (kinetic art)
> Observed in modern sculptures
> Can be made mobile by nature (air and water) or through machines with an energy source
Actual Movement
115
This artist employed changes in air currents for his sculptures to move, he called his works as "mobiles"
Alexander Calder
116
This type of motion uses a variety of lines with some degree of repetition, changes in position, scaling, object size, and varying proportions that can create the perception of passing time
Implied Movement
117
Technique of creating optical sensations through repetition and manipulation of color, shape, and lines
Op Art
118
An example of implied movement was the painting "Nude Descending a Staircase" which was made by whom?
Marcel Duchamp
