(F) L2: Local Art Flashcards
The process of creating something using fibers from plants, animals, insects (silk worms), or synthetics
Textile Art
T or F: Making textiles is an extremely old art form
True
When have textile fragments been dated back to?
Prehistoric Times
Give 1 purpose as to why people develop textiles
- To keep warm
- To protect surfaces
- To insulate dwellings
A way to create fabric using 2 sets of yarn or thread interlaced at right angles
Weaving
What tool was invented to make the process of weaving easier?
Loom
A manually operated device that holds the warp threads steady while filling weft threads are woven through them
Loom
What does the CAR stand for?
Cordillera Administrative Region
What 2 places are represented in CAR?
Kalinga and Ifugao
These textiles are characterized by dominant red stripes and motifs of geometric patterns as well as nature symbols interlaced with white, yellow, and black fibers
Kalinga
These textiles are characterized by diamond stripes of white and red, the dominant color is blue, and is less colorful and darker in color compared to the other textile of this region
Ifugao
Which among the Kalinga and Ifugao textiles are bead-accented?
Kalinga
Weaving in ______ was an exclusive task for women
Ifugao
How many women were needed to make the long and tedious preparation for weaving in Ifugao?
2
T or F: Weaving is now done ONLY for commercial purposes
True
Who among men and women would (1) actually weave or (2) make the weaving instruments
Weaving - women
Making the weaving instruments - men
What is another term for spinning, winding, or skeining?
Iwalangan
Weavers from this area classify their works into textiles with or without dyed designs
Kiangan, Ifugao
What is the middle piece of the blanket/body called?
Adolna
What are the side pieces of a blanket called?
Balingbing
Refers to a narrow band with fringes along the borders of the blanket’s width
Talungtung
What is the right side of the blanket’s back called?
Odogna
What is the reverse side of the blanket/its stomach called?
Putuna
This blanket is used for the dead; has designs of a mortar, little men, python, lizard, snake, ladder, and shuttle
Gamong
This blanket for the wealthy is usually worn by the young has 3 pieces
Hape
This blanket was formally used to exchange for pigs but is now used for carrying babies
Kintog/Oban
What is the g-string for men called in Ifugao?
Wanno
When do the Ifugao men tuck in their wanno?
When working in the fields
This is made of dark blue cloth with a red stripe running lengthwise in the middle between 2 yellow lines which either touch the stripe or are woven apart from it
Wanno/G-string
G-string without designs are often described as?
Infra
This sub-type of g-string has a large red stripe in the middle
Binuhlan
What is the large red stripe found in male g-strings called? And what does it literally mean?
Habak; “to be enemy-ed”
The red color of the stripe in g-string refers to the sun deity, which is the god of ______
War (red for the color of blood)
The Ifugao g-string can be worn around the body how many times?
2 or 3 times
What is the loose end in the front of the g-string called?
Dayude
What is the loose end in the back of the g-string called?
Iwitan or tail
T or F: Zigzag, frog, little man, shuttle, basket, and knot are some designs stitched in the iwitan part of the g-string
False (dayude)
This is known as a poor man’s g-string; it is completely white, about 2 meters long and 15 cm wide
Tinannong
What is the richer version of the binuhlan g-string made through dyeing?
Piniwaan Nilihha
These g-strings are similar to the piniwaan nilihha
Piniwa
At what age do Ifugao boys start to wear the wanno?
5 or 6
T or F: Native upper garments are used in Ifugao
False (not)
These common blankets are dark blue with narrow red stripes and broad white bands covered with designs
Bayaong
This is one of the most difficult to find textiles in the Ilocos region
Abel
This is referred to as the abel with one of the most recognizable designs out there
Binakul/Binakel
Ilocos yarns are made from cotton and dyed using the sap of plums called as?
Sagut (abundant in northern Luzon)
This is the traditional woven product of Vigan, Ilocos Sur known for being a strong and colorful material; some families use it as heirlooms that last as long as furnishings
Abel
Weavers must synchronize the movement of their ____ and _____ to properly use a wooden handloom
Hands and feet
T or F: Binakul is still being produced today
False (considered a dwindling industry today due to nonavailability of local cotton)
This is recognized by its uniform, interlocked geometric patterns that result in psychedelic optical art designs which are said to represent the waves of the sea
Binakul
The abel and binakul are made using what 2 pedaled looms?
2 and 5-pedaled
A weft is threaded through the warp using what spindle-shaped device used to carry the crosswise threads (weft) through the lengthwise threads (warp)?
Shuttle
This region is known for producing a fiber mainly for manufacturing hats
Aurora
Hats from Aurora are made from what material?
Sabutan (strong, durable, and resembles a Panama hat)
The unbleached hats of Aurora are in what color?
Light green-grey
T or F: Sabutan bleaches easily
False (it does not, that’s why they don’t bleach hats in Aurora)
The Sabutan fibers are boiled in fresh water or water with vinegar, lemon, or tamarind for how many minutes?
15
The Sabutan fibers are coiled in bundles for how many hours?
24
T or F: It is more prefereable to wash the Sabutan fibers in running water
true (if you are to wash with stagnant water, be sure to change it frequently)
T or F: Palawan people are known for weaving
True
What material, that can only be found in Palawan, is used in their weaving?
Amumutina grass (a dyed rust)
This involves pressing the portion of the weave that has not been rolled up to the rest of the fabric; it is the last step
Battening
Where are dream weaver predominant in?
Mindanao
This is a ritual textile connected to the T’boli spirituality and cosmonology
T’nalak
A dream weaver is anointed by who?
The weaving deity Fu Dalo (patterns and designs are revealed by the deity in their dreams)
Fu Dalo visits these people if they are trained usually by a relative as this develops the signature style of the weaver
Acolyte or apprentice
Where does T’nalak originate from and who are the group of people who developed this?
Lake Sebu in South Cotabato by the T’bolis (women)
The T’nalak is usually made from what fibers?
Abaca (made with the colors red, black, and the original color of the abaca)
What color is T’nalak?
Deep brown
What kind of dyes are used to stain the handspun abaca fibers?
Natural vegetable dyes
This is an abaca-handwoven cloth with designs depicting a man and crocodile; used as women’s skirts, blankets, and wraps for the dead (+who and where are they made)
Dagmay by the Mandaya of Davao Oriental
T or F: T’nalak’s mud-dyeing technique is believed to be the only one that exists in the Philippines
False (dagmay’s)
The dagmay has what color and what designs arranged in vertical stripes with one length folded and roughly basted along one long side?
Maroon and brown ikat designs
This is the traditional cloth tapestry worn as a head covering by the Tausugs of Jolo, Mindanao
Pisyabit
T or F: The pisyabit can signify rank
True (when tied around the hilt of the sword or wrapped around the head of a Tausug man)
This is the most intricate design worn by the women around their waist or head and is patterned after the colors of the rainbow
Seputangan of the Yakan in Basilan and Sulu
This is the term for geometric, flowing designs, and folk motifs found in Maranao and Muslim-influences artwork in Mindanao, especially in the Sulu peninsula
Okir or Okkil
The okir is similar to the weaving patterns of the western style ______ and _________
Arabesque and Art Nouveau
The Tausug, Maranao, and Yakans in Mindanao apply shapes and patterns to okir similar to the art of what era?
Byzantine
This usually has motifs shaped like waves, ropes, calligraphy, decor, and colors
Ukkil
T or F: Okir are symbols of power and prestige usually adorned during festivals
True
In today’s okir art, this group of people have created their own designs influenced by their surroundings
Yakans
The kenna-kenna is patterned after what?
Fish
The dawen-dawen is patterned after what?
Leaf of a vine
The pene mata-mata is patterned after what?
Eyes
The bunga-sawa is patterned after what?
Python
Linuhhong stands for?
Mortars
Tinatagu stands for?
Men
Inulog stands for?
Snakes
Bittuon stands for?
Stars
Bannia stands for?
Iguanas
Hinolgot stands for?
Spears
