M - 3 - Allergic Reaction & Anaphylaxis - Adult & Pediatric

Question 1

In the allergic reaction/anaphylactic patient, oxygen should be given to maintain an SpO2 greater than 94% or to combat _____.

Answer 1

air hunger

Question 2

Describe allergic reaction S/S vs. extremis vs. anaphyaxis

Answer 2

do a Venn Diagram

Allergic reaction: gradual onset; mild flushing, rash, hives; mild bronchoconstriction, normal mental status

Anaphylaxis S/S: rapid onset; severe flushing, rash, hives; severe bronchoconstriction; laryngospasm; anxiety, LOC/unconscious

Extremis S/S: rapid onset; peri-arrest state, unable to speak, tachypnea, hypotension

Question 3

True anaphylaxis/extremis requires what medication as a first line drug?

Answer 3

0. 5 mg 1:1000 epinephrine IM
   
   • Class: sympathomimetic
   • MOA: bronchodilation via beta-1 effects; vasoconstriction via alpha-2 effects; increased inotropy via beta-1

Question 4

For dyspnea/bronchoconstriction, ___ albuterol and ____ ipratropium nebulized is administered.

A. 3 mg; 0.5 mg
B. 6 mg; 1 mg
B. 9 mg, 1.5 mg

Answer 4

B. 6 mg; 1 mg

Question 5

What medication (and dose) is given to prevent the effect of histamine release in the allergic reaction/anaphylaxis patient?

Answer 5

Diphenhydramine

• Class: anticholinergic
• MOA:

Question 6

Non-geriatric adult diphenhydramine IV dose for allergic reaction/anaphylaxis.

A. 12.5 mg
B. 25 mg
C. 50 mg
D. 100 mg

Answer 6

C. 50 mg

Question 7

Non-geriatric adult diphenhydramine IM dose for allergic reaction/anaphylaxis.

A. 12.5 mg
B. 25 mg
C. 50 mg
D. 100 mg

Answer 7

C. 50 mg

Question 8

Geriatric adult diphenhydramine IM dose for allergic reaction/anaphylaxis.

A. 12.5 mg
B. 25 mg
C. 50 mg
D. 100 mg

Answer 8

B. 25 mg

Question 9

Geriatric adult diphenhydramine IV dose for allergic reaction/anaphylaxis.

A. 12.5 mg
B. 25 mg
C. 50 mg
D. 100 mg

Answer 9

A. 12.5 mg

Question 10

Adult Solumedrol IV for all weights in anaphylaxis/allergic reaction.

Answer 10

125 mg

Question 11

Adult Prednisone PO for all weights in anaphylaxis/allergic reaction.

Answer 11

60 mg

Question 12

In the case of adult anaphylaxis/extremis patients with hypotension, what is given to combat hypotension?

Answer 12

2L NS unless geriatric.

Geriatric - 1 L NS (monitor for pulmonary edema)

Question 13

What is the NS dose for pediatric hypotension in the presence of allergy/anaphylaxis?

A. 10 mL/kg
B. 20 mL/kg
C. 30 mL/kg

Answer 13

B. 20 mL/kg