Lymphatic Terms Flashcards
specializes in diagonising and treating conditions of altered immunologic reactivity
allergist
specializes in diagonising and treating conditions of the immune system
immunologist
specializes in diagnosing and treating malignant disorders
oncologist
What are the 3 primary functions of the lymphatic system?
absorb fats from the small intestine, remove waste from tissues, provide aid to the immune system
small finger-like projections that line the small intestine
villi
transports lymph from tissues throughout the body and returns the fluid to the venous circulation
lymphatic circulation
another name for the lymphatic system
secondary circulatory system
How are the cardiovascular system and lymphatic system different?
lymph flows in one direction, lymph flows in a closed system, lymph does not have a pump, lymph is clear, lymph is filtered by nodes
plasma from arterial blood that flows out of capillaries and into the space between the cells
interstitial fluid
microscopic tubes located near the surface of the body that lymph travels through
lymphatic capillaries
vessels that carry lymph, have valves to prevent backflow
lymphatic vessels
duct that collects lymph from the right side of the head and neck, upper right quadrant of the body and the right arm
right lymphatic duct
Where does the right lymphatic duct empty?
right subclavian vein
duct that collects lymph from the left side of the head and neck, upper left quadrant of the trunk, left arm, entire lower trunk, and both legs
thoracic duct
Where does the thoracic duct empty?
left subclavian vein
small organs containing special lymphocytes to filter lymph and destroy pathogens
lymph nodes
How many nodes are located on the larger vessels?
400-700
lymph nodes located along the sides of the neck
cervical lymph nodes
lymph nodes located under the arms
axillary lymph nodes
lymph nodes located in the groin area
inguinal lymph nodes
pertainig to the lymphatic system; resembling lymph or lymphatic tissue
lymphoid
three masses of lymphoid tissue that form a protective ring around the back of the nose and upper throat
tonsils
tonsils located in the nasopharynx
adenoids
tonsils located on the left and right sides of the throat
palatine tonsils
tonsils located at the base of the tongue
lingual tonsils
gland located above the heart that is largely composed of lymphatic tissue
thymus
part that hangs from the lower portion of the large intestine that may play an important role in the immune system
appendix
spots of lymphoid tissue located on the walls of the ileum
Peyer’s patches
saclike mass of lymphoid tissue in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen
spleen
What are the functions of the spleen?
filter blood, form lymphocytes and monocytes, destroy worn-out red blood cells, store extra erythrocytes
disease-producing microorganisms
pathogens
substances that produces allergic reactions
allergens
poisonous substances
toxins
potentially life-threatening cancer cells
malignant cells
first line of defense against organisms
intact skin
traps breathed in foreign matter with hair and mucous membranes
respiratory system
uses acids and enzymes to destroy invaders consumed with food or swallowed
digestive system
reaction that labels an antigen as potentially dangerous so it can be recognized and destroyed by other cells
antigen-antibody reaction
any subatance that the body regards as being foreign
antigen
disease-fighting protein created to respond to the presence of a specific antigen
antibody
bind with specific antigens during the antigen-antibody response
immunoglobulins
specialized white blood cells that produces antibodies
plasma cells
white blood cells that are formed in the bone marrow and act as specialized antibodies
lymphocytes
being modified to perform a specific function
differentiation
specialized lymphocytes that produce and secrete antibodies
B cells
When are B cells most effective?
When the viruses and bacteria are circulating in the blood.
antibodies found in blood serum and lymph
immunoglobulin G
antibodies produced to fight ingested antigens, found in sweat, saliva, tears
immunoglobulin A
antibodies found in circulating body fluids, first antibodies to appear during initial exposure
immunoglobulin M
antibodies found only on the surface of B cells
immunoglobulin D
antibodies produced in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes; responsible for allergic reactions
immunoglobulin E
type of white blood cell that surrounds and kills invading cells
macrophage
large white blood cell that can destroy substances by phagocytosis
phagocyte
group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood inactively, activated by contact with nonspecific antigens, marks the invaders for destruction
complement
state of being resistant to a specific disease
immunity
example of naturally acquired active immunity
having and recovering from the disease
example of naturally acquired passive immunity
mother’s milk
example of artificially acquired active immunity
vaccines
example of artificially acquired passive immunity
antivenom
weakened virus
attenuated virus
