Integumentary Conditions/Procedures Flashcards
physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating skin disorders
dermatologist
physician who specializes in the surgical reconstruction of body features
cosmetic surgeon (plastic surgeon)
chronic inflammatory disease cause by pustular eruptions of the skin caused by overproduction of sebum
acne vulgaris (acne)
noninfected lesion formed by buildup of keratin and sebum in a hair follicle
comedo (blackhead)
plural of comedo
comedones
closed sac associated with a sebaceous gland found just under the skin, contains yellow, fatty material
sebaceous cyst
overactivity of sebaceous glands and overproduction of sebum
seborrhea
inflammation that causes scaling and itching of the upper layers of the skin or scalp
seborrheic dermatitis
benign skin growth that looks “pasted-on”
seborrheic keratosis
condition of lacking sweat
anhidrosis
profuse sweating (normal condition)
diaphoresis
sweating in one area or over the whole body
hyperhidrosis
intensely itchy rash caused by blockage of sweat glands by bacteria and dead cells
miliaria (NOT MALARIA)
excessive sweating at night
sleep hyperhidrosis
inflammation of hair follicles
folliculitis
excessive body and facial hair in women
hirsutism
baldness
alopecia
autoimmune disorder that attacks the hair follicles, causing well-defined bald areas on the scalp
alopecia areata
loss of all hair on the scalp
alopecia capitis totalis
loss os hair on all parts of the body
alopecia universalis
condition in which the hair thins in the front and on the sides of the scalp, rarely leading to total hair loss
female pattern baldness
condition in which the hairline recedes from the front to the back until only a horseshoe-shaped area remains
male pattern baldness
abnormal curving of the nails often accompanied by enlargement of the fingertips
clubbing
malformation of the nail in which the outer surface is concave
koilonychia (spoon nail)
inflammation of the matrix of the nail that usually results in loss of the nail
onychia (onychitis)
ingrown toenail
onychocryptosis
funal infection of the nail
onychomycosis
nail biting
onycophagia
infection of the skin fold around a nail
paronychia
deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and irises
albinism
pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face, occurs especially during pregnancy
chloasma
any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment
melanosis
irregular patches of white skin resulting from the destruction of melanocytes
vitiligo
injury to underlying tissues without breaking the skin, characterized by discoloration and pain
contusion
bruise
ecchymosis
multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin, smaller than ecchymosis, larger than petechiae
purpura
very small hemorrhages that are less than 2 millimeters in diameter
petechiae
swelling of clotted blood trapped in tissues
hematoma
collection of dried serum and cellular debris (scab)
crust
discolored flat spot less than 1 cm in diameter
macule
examples of macules
freckles, flat moles
solid, raised lesion that is larger than .5 cm in diameter and deeper than a papule
nodule
small, raised red lesion that is less than .5 cm in diamter that does not contain pus
papule
examples of papules
small pimples, insect bites
scaly, solid raised area of closely spaced papules
plaque
examples of plaques
psoriasis
flakes or dry patches made of of excess dead epidermal cells
scales
small, hard skin lesions caused by human papilloma virus
verrucae
examples of verrucae
warts
small bump that itches, slightly redder than surrounding skin
wheal
examples of wheals
welt, some allergic reactions
closed pocket containing pus caused by a bacterial infection
abscess
producing or containing pus
purulent
abnormal sac containing gas, fluid, or a semisolid material
cyst
small, circumscribed lesion containing pus
pustule
small blister, less than .5 cm in diameter, filled with a watery fluid
vesicle
large blister more than .5 cm in diameter
bulla
injury in which superficial layers of skin are scraped or rubbed away
abrasion
ulcerated area in which prolonged pressure has caused tissue death
pressure sore (decubitus ulcer) (bed sore)
groove or crack in the skin
fissure
torn or jagged wound
laceration
deep hole made by a sharp object
puncture wound
open lesion of the skin or mucous membrane
ulcer
reddish-purple discoloration of the face or neck
port-wine stain
soft, raised, dark-reddish-purple birthmark
strawberry hemangioma
inflammation of the skin
dermatitis
localized allergic response caused by contact with the irritant
contact dermatitis
persistent dermatitis usually characterized by redness, itching, dryness, cracking, oozing, bleeding, and possible blistering
eczema
itching
pruritus
redness of the skin due to capillary dilation
erythema
skin disorder resulting from generalized allergic reaction to an illness, infection, or medication; characterized by a rash that may appear as nodules or papules
erythema multiforme
mildly contagious viral infection that is common in childhood; produces a red, lack-like rash on the face
erythema infectiosum
purple-red inflammation that occurs when the small blood vessels below the skin are damageed, usually by exposure to cold/damp weather
erythema pernio
abnormal redness of the entire skin surface
erythroderma
form of erythema in which skin cells are damaged by exposure to ultraviolet rays of the sun
sunburn
condition in which there is a widespread scaling of the skin
exfoliative dermatitis
general term for skin lesions or eruptions of any type, not associated with inflammation
dermatosis
hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thickened, and scaly skin
ichthyosis
chronic condition characterized by accumulation of fat and fluid in the tissues just under the skin of the hips and legs
lipedema
autoimmune disorder characterized by a red, scaly rash on the face and upper trunk
lupus
skin disorder characterized by red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the body
psoriasis
disorder characterized by tiny red pimple and broken blood vessels
rosacea
hyperplasia of tissues in the nose
rhinophyma
disorder in which the connective tissues harden and thicken, causing the skin to become hard and swollen
scleroderma
itchy wheals caused by allergies
urticaria (hives)
excessively dry skin
xeroderma
large, tender, swollen areas caused by a staph infection around hair follicles or sebaceous glands, also known as a boil
furuncle
cluster of connected furuncles (boils)
carbuncle
rapidly spreading infection within connective tissues
cellulitis
decay that produces foul odors
putrefaction
tissue death accompanied by putrefaction
necrosis
highly contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture
impetigo
severe infection caused by Group A strep bacteria (flesh-eating bacteria)
necrotizing fasciitis
any acute, infalmmatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection
pyoderma
fungal infection that can grow on the skin, hair, and nails
tinea (ringworm)
fungal infection that grows on the scalps of children
tinea capitis
fungal infection that grows in the genital area
tinea cruris
fungal infection that grows on the body’s skin
tinea corporis
fungal infection of the foot
tinea pedis (athlete’s foot)
fungal infection that causes painless, discolored areas on the skin
tinea versicolor
dwelling of microscopic parasites on external surface tissue
infestation
infestation with lice
pediculosis
head lice
pediculosis capitis
body lice
pediculosis corporis
lice in the pubic hair
pediculosis pubis
skin infection caused by an infestation with the itch mite
scabies
thickening of part of the skin caused by repeated rubbing
callus
normal scar from a wound healing
cicatrix
tissue that normally forms during healing
granulation tissue
small, knot-like swellings of granulation tissue
granuloma
abnormally raised or thickened scar that expands
keloid
any skin growth in which there is overgrowth and thickening of the skin
keratosis
benign, slow-growing fatty tumor located between the skin and muscle layers
lipoma
small, dark skin growth that develops from melanocytes in the skin; benign
nevus
atypical mole that can develop into skin cancer
dysplastic nevus
benign, superficial wart-like growth on the epithelial tissue; resembles a nipple
papilloma
mushroom-like growth from the surface of a mucous membrane
polyp
small, flesh-colored polyps that hang from the body by fine stalks
skin tags
harmful, malignant growth on the skin
skin cancer
precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin; looks like a red scaly patch and feels like sandpaper
actinic keratosis
not yet malignant, but will be if not treated
precancerous
malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis
basal cell carcinoma
malignant tumor of the scaly squamous cells of the epithelium, quickly spreads
squamous cell carcinoma
skin cancer that occurs in the melanocytes, most serious type of skin cancer
malignant melanoma
injury to body tissues by heat, electricity, flame, sun, chemicals, or radiation
burn
removal of a small piece of tissue for examination
biopsy
burn with no blisters, superficial damage to the epidermis
first-degree burn (superficial burn)
burn with blisters, damage to the epidermis and dermis
second-degree burn (partial thickness burn)
burn with damage to the epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer, and possibly muscle layer below
third-degree burn (full thickness burn)
entire tumor or lesions and a margin of surrounding tissue are removed
excisional biopsy
hollow needle is used to removed a core of tissue for sampling
needle biopsy
technique in which cells are scraped from the tissue and examined under a microscope
exfoliative cytology
destruction of tissue by burning
cauterization
use of chemicals to remove the outer layers of skin
chemabrasion
destruction of abnormal tissue cells through application of extreme cold by liquid nitrogen
cryosurgery
removal of material from a surface by scraping
curettage
removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue, and cellular debris
debridement
abrasion involving a wire brush or sandpaper to remove acne or chickenpox scars
dermabrasion
incision of a lesion and draining the contents
incision and drainage
technique used to treat skin cancer in which individual layers of cancerous tissue are removed and examined one at a time
Mohs surgery
surgical reduction of the upper and lower eyelids
blepharoplasty
formulation which block nerve signals and decrease frown lines for several months
botox
soft-tissue augmentation used to soften facial lines or scars
collagen replacement therapy
skin graft
dermatoplasty
use of electric current to destroy hair follicles to remove undesired hair
electrolysis
surgical removal of fat beneath the skin
lipectomy
surgical removal of fat beneath the skin with suction aid
suction lipectomy
surgical removal of excess skin and fat around the face to eliminate wrinkles
rhytidectomy
small, non-essential veins that can be seen through the skin
spider veins
process used to treat spider veins by injecting a saline solution into the vein, which causes the vein disappear
sclerotherapy
