Cardiovascular System Terms Flashcards
How many layers of tissue are in the heart?
3
How many chambers and valves work together to keep blood flowing in one direction?
4
What antigen does blood type A have?
A
What antibody does blood type B have?
A
What antigen does blood type AB have?
A and B
What antibody does blood type O have?
A and B
What are the four major blood types?
A, AB, B, O
What blood type is the universal recipient?
AB
largest blood vessel in the body
aorta
valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
aortic semilunar valve
blood vessels which leave the heart
arteries
smaller divisons of an artery
arterioles
bring blood to the capillaries
arterioles
pertaining to both arteries and veins
arteriovenous
upper chambers of the heart
atria
located on the floor of the right atrium, transmits the electrical signals from the SA node to the bundle of His
atrioventricular node
listening to body sounds
auscultation
WBCs formed in red bone marrow, least common WBC, responsible for symptoms of allergies
basophils
valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle, has two cusps
bicuspid valve
fluid tissue that transports oxygen and nutrients to body tissues
blood
thrombus
blood clot formed within a blood vessel and remaining attached to its place of origin
gases that are normally dissolved in the liquid portion of blood
blood gases
measurement of the amount of pressure on an artery wall
blood pressure
three arteries that come off of the aortic arch
brachiocephalic, left common carotid, subclavian
group of fibers located in the interventricular septum; carry an electrical impulse to the ventricles and Purkinje fibers
bundle of His
smallest blood vessels in the body
capillaries
pertaining to the heart and blood vessels
cardiovascular
major arteries that carry blood to the head
carotid arteries
embolus
clot that breaks lose and travels through the bloodstream
P wave
contraction of the atria
QRS complex
contraction of the ventricles and realxation of the atria
arteries which supply oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium
coronary arteries
veins located away from the body surface
deep veins
relaxation phase of the heart
diastole
pressure that occurs when the ventricles are relaxed
diastolic pressure
process of recording the heart’s electrical activity
electrocardiogram
pertaining to the inside of an artery
endarterial
inner epithelial lining of the heart
endocardium
WBCs formed in red bone marrow, destroy parasites, major role in allergies
eosinophils
external layer of the heart
epicardium
red blood cells
erythrocytes
clotting proteins in plasma
fibrinogen and prothrombin
hollow, muscular organ located between the lungs
heart
transports blood from the lower portion of the body to the heart
inferior vena cava
wall that separates one atrium from the other
interatrial septum
wall that separates one ventricle from the other
interventricular septum
Which side of the heart is associated with systemic circulation?
left
white blood cells
leukocytes
interior space of a vessel
lumen
WBCs formed in red bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen; produce antibodies that target foreign substances
lymphocytes
WBCs formed in red bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen; phagocytes
monocytes
middle and thickest layer of the heart; muscular layer
myocardium
nickname of the sinoatrial node
natural pacemaker
What antigen does blood type O have?
None
What antibody does blood type AB have?
None
What are the major blood gases?
oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen
tough outer layer of the pericardium
parietal pericardium
very sudden
paroxysmal
fluid found between the two layers of the pericardium to prevent friction
pericardial fluid
double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart
pericardium
destroying pathogens by surrounding and swallowing them
phagocytosis
straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones, and waste
plasma
blood vessels that take blood to the lungs
pulmonary arteries
flow of blood between the heart and the lungs
pulmonary circulation
valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
pulmonary semilunar valve
blood vessels that return blood to the heart from the lungs
pulmonary veins
rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery
pulse
specialized conduction fibers located within the walls of the ventricles and cause the ventricles to contract
Purkinje fibers
T wave
relaxation of the ventricles
refers to the presence or absence of the Rh antigen on RBCs
Rh factor
Which side of the heart is associated with pulmonary circulation?
right
wall of tissue separating the right side of the heart from the left side
septum
plasma fluid with blood cells and clotting factors removed
serum
located in the posterior wall of the right atrium; establishes the basic rhythm and rate of the heartbeat with electrical impulses
sinoatrial node
device used to measure blood pressure
sphygmomanometer
veins located near the surface
superficial veins
transports blood from the upper portion of the body back to the heart
superior vena cava
flow of blood between the heart and the entire body except the lungs
systemic circulation
contraction phase of the heart
systole
pressure that occurs when the ventricles contract
systolic pressure
pertaining to the thorax
thoracic
smallest formed elements of blood, help in blood clotting
thrombocytes
function of erythrocytes
transport oxygen
valve between the right atrium and right ventricle, has three cusps
tricuspid valve
blood vessels which return to the heart
veins
Name three differences between arteries and veins.
veins carry blood towards the heart, veins are less elastic, veins are low-pressure, veins have valves
large vein that returns blood to the heart
vena cava
largest veins in the body
venae cavae
lower chambers of the heart
ventricles
smaller divisions of a vein
venules
inner layer of the pericardium
visceral pericardium
