Lymphatic Conditions/Procedures Flashcards
inflammation of the lymph nodes
lymphadenitis (swollen glands)
any disease affecting lymph nodes
lymphadenopathy
benign tumor formed by abnormal collection of lymph vessels due to a congential defect
lymphangioma
abnormal enlargement of the spleen
splenomegaly
bleeding from the spleen
splenorrhagia
inflammation of the tonsils
tonsillitis
performed to detect damage to lymphatic vessels
lymphoscintigraphy
swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the tissues
lymphedema
hereditary disorder that causes swelling in the feet and legs
primary lymphedema
caused by damage to the lymphatic system that usually causes swelling in the limb nearest to the damage
secondary lymphedema
condition that occurs when the immune response is compromised
immunodeficiency disorder
bloodborne infection in which the virus damages or kills the cells of the immune system, many life-threatening infections at risk of developing
human immunodeficiency virus
infection caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce illness in healthy humans
opportunistic infection
advance and fatal stage of HIV
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
opportunistic infection that causes cancer patches to grow under the skin and in other organs
Kaposi’s sarcoma
blood test used to screen for the presence of HIV antibodies
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
treatment that involves stimulating or repressing the immune response
immunotherapy
treatment given after exposure to possibly stop the disease from developing
synthetic immunoglobulins
used in the treatment of MS, heaptitis C, and some cancers
synthetic interferon
any of a class of antibodies produced in the lab by identical offspring of a clone of specific cells; used to enhance the patient’s immune response to certain malignancies
monoclonal antibodies
treatment to repress the immune system
immunosuppression
substance that prevents or reduces the normal immune response
immunosuppressant
hormone-like preparation administered primarily as an anti-inflammatory and as an immunosuppressant
corticosteroid drug
medication that kills or damages cells
cytotoxic drug
microorganism that causes diseases
pathogen
one-celled microscopic organisms
bacteria
rod-shaped bacterium
bacillus
small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks
rickettsia
spiral-shaped bacterium
spirochete
bacteria that form irregular clusters resembling grapes
staphylococci
staphlylococci that commonly infect wounds and causes problems such as toxic shock syndrome or food poisoning
staphylococcus aureus
bacteria that form a chain
streptococci
condition that occurs when the body is overwhelmed by a bacterial infection
septic shock
develop when an antibiotic fails to kill all of the target bacteria
antibiotic resistant bacteria
staphylococci that are resistant to most antibiotics; cause red bumps with black tops
methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
simple parasitic organisms that can cause infections such as athlete’s foot
fungus
type of fungus that causes candidiasis
yeast
infection that occurs on the skin or in warm moist areas, such as the vagina
candidiasis
organism that lives on or within another at the expense of the host
parasite
disease caused by a parasite in mosquitos, transferred by mosquito bites
malaria
parasite transmitted from animals to humans by contaminated feces
toxoplasmosis
very small infectious agents that live only by invading other cells
viruses
acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying route of the inflamed nerve
herpes zoster (shingles)
caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, kissing disease
infectious mononucleosis
highly contagious infection cause by the rubeola virus
measles
acute viral disease characterized by swelling of the parotid glands
mumps
German measles
rubella
acute viral infection that is commonly transmitted by the bite or saliva of an infected animal
rabies
chicken pox
varicella
viral infection transmitted by mosquitos
West Nile virus
member of the herpesvirus family that causes a viriety of diseases
cytomegalovirus
medications that kill bacterial microorganisms
antibiotics
substance that kills bacteria
bactericide
agent that destroys fungi
antifungal
medication used to treat viral infections
antiviral drug
study of the prevention, causes, and treatment of cancer
oncology
not life-threatening
benign
life-threatening
malignant
spread of cancer
metastasis
class of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled division of cells
cancer
malignant tumor in epithelial tissue
carcinoma
malignant tumor in its original position that has not metastasized
carcinoma in situ
carcinoma of glandular tissue
adenocarcinoma
malignant tumor that is in connective tissue
sarcoma
malignant tumor involving the upper shaft of a long bone
osteosarcoma
process of classifying tumors with respect to how far it has progressed, potential for therapy, and prognosis
staging
general term for malignancies affecting lymphoid tissue
lymphoma
large, cancerous cells found in Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Reed-Sternberg cells
lymphoma characterized by large cancerous lymphocytes
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
lymphomas that are not Hodgkin’s
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
carcinoma that develops from the cells of the breast
breast cancer
breast cancer at its earliest stage
ductal carcinoma in situ
cancer that starts in the milk duct and invade the fatty breast tissue
infiltrating ductal carcinoma
cancer that starts in the milk lobules and invade the fatty breast tissue
infiltrating lobular carcinoma
most aggressive form of breast cancer
inflammatory breast cancer
radiographic examination of the breast
mammography
technique in which a needle is used to remove small samples of breast tissue
needle breast biopsy
surgical removal of the entire breast and nipple
mastectomy
surgical removal of only the cancerous tissue and a surrounding margin
lumpectomy
surgical removal of the entire breast and all of the axillary lymph nodes under the adjacent arm
modified radical mastectomy
surgical removal of an entire breast and many of the surrounding tissues
radical mastectomy
use of chemical agents and drugs in combination to destroy malignant cells and tissues
chemotherapy
medication that blocks the development of malignant cells
antineoplastic
use of radioactive materials implanted into the tissues to be treated
brachytherapy
radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body
teletherapy
