Integumentary Terms Flashcards
How much skin does the average adult have?
2 square yards
What are the functions of skin?
prevent fluid loss, block pathogens, sense of touch, manufacture vitamin D
glands that secrete sebum that lubricate the skin and discourage bacterial growth
sebaceous gland
gland that regulate body temperature and water by secreting sweat
sweat glands
What is the function of hair?
help control loss of body heat
What is the function of nails?
protect the dorsal surface of the last bone of each toe and finger
What are the 3 layers of skin?
epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer
tissue that forms a protective covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of the body
epithelial tissue
tissue that forms the upper layer of the epidermis
squamous epithelial tissue
Which layer of skin does not contain any blood vessels, nerves, or connective tissue?
epidermis
lowest layer of the epidermis
basal layer
fibrous, water-repellant protein
keratin
primary component of the epidermis
soft keratin
primary component of hair and nails
hard keratin
Where are melanocytes located?
basal layer
cells that produce a dark brown to black pigment called melanin, which determines skin coloration
melanocytes
pigment that determines skin color
melanin
What are 2 functions of melanin?
skin coloration, protect the skin from ultraviolet rays
thick layer of tissue below the epidermis
dermis
another names for the dermis
corium
layer of skin which contains that hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands
dermis
layer of skin which contains sensory nerve endings for touch, temperature, pain, and pressure
dermis
tough and flexible fibrous protein found in the skin and bones
collagen
cells found in the connective tissue of the dermis that respond to injury, infection, and allergy by releasing substances such as histamine
mast cells
anticoagulant relased in response to injury
heparin
substance released during an allergic reaction that causes an allergic response
histamine
bottom layer of skin which connects the skin to the surface muscles
subcutaneous layer
fatty tissue
cellulite or adipose tissue
fat cells
lipocytes
What do sebaceous glands secrete?
sebum
What are 2 function of sebum?
discourage bacterial growth, lubricate skin
milk-producing modified sebaceous glands
mammary glands
openings on the surface of the skin for sweat gland ducts
pores
production and excretion of sweat
hidrosis
sacs that hold the root of the hair, determine whether hair is straight or curly
hair follicles
tiny muscle fibers attached to hair follicles, cause goosebumps when raised
arrector pili
fingernail or toenail
unguis
translucent part of the nail, closely molded to the underlying surface
nail body
pale half-moon region at every nail root
lunula
narrow band of epidermis attached to the surface of the nail just in front of the root
cuticle
contained within a limited area
circumscribed
